Wp/xzh/𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱴𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲍𑱱

𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲍𑲒𑲁 𑲍 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑲁𑲴 Indian subcontinent 𑱽𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 75,000 𑲂𑲁 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑱽𑲍 𑲁𑲱𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲊𑲚𑲳𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲍 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 500,000 𑲂𑲁 𑱿𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑱼𑲴𑱼 𑲁𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑲱𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱲𑲳𑱵 𑲊𑲲𑲍 𑲉𑱵 𑲊𑲙𑲳𑱼 𑲍𑲴𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲍𑲳𑱵 𑱴𑲳 𑱴𑲂𑱵 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲌𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱼𑱾𑲋 𑲉𑲴𑱽𑱱 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 3300 𑱽𑲍 1300 BCE 𑲂𑲁 𑲋 𑱼𑲳𑱵 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱾𑱴 𑲍𑲱 𑱻𑱽 𑱼𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱽𑲲𑲀 𑲀𑲩𑱵 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲋𑲮𑲴 𑲏𑲳 𑲌𑲱 𑲉𑲏𑲱 𑱻𑲴𑱴 𑲁𑲏𑲱 𑲏𑱴𑲪𑲴 𑲀 𑲁𑲱𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑱾𑲋 𑲉𑲴𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 𑱽𑲍 1900 BCE 𑲀𑲊 𑲋 𑲃𑲳𑲍 𑱻𑲴𑱴 𑲁𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑱻𑲴𑱽 𑲂𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲎 𑲊 𑱾𑲞𑱽 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲱𑱴 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲲𑱵 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑲏𑱿𑲳𑲋 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱 𑱴𑲍𑲳𑲊 𑱼𑱵𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲍𑲚𑲳𑱵 𑲉𑲱𑱴 𑲊𑲱𑲍 𑲍𑲝 𑲃𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲊𑲒𑲴𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑱻𑲁 𑱲 𑱼𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑱽 𑲃 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲇𑲴 𑲉𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱

𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑱼𑲲𑲊 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑱹𑲱 𑲌𑲲 𑲂𑲁 𑲋 𑱼𑱾𑲋 𑲉𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑱹𑲁𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱼 𑱿𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑱾 𑱼𑱵𑱱 𑲋ཅ𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑲅𑲱 𑲊𑲜𑲱 𑱼𑱾𑲋 𑲉𑲴𑱽 𑲁𑲄𑲲𑱴 𑲏𑱻𑲲𑱼𑱱 𑲁𑲱 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱽𑱵 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲍𑲜𑲴𑱼 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑲁𑲃𑲁𑲍 𑲏𑲄𑲴𑱴 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲁 𑲀𑲲 𑱴𑲍𑲊 𑱾 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑱼 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑲀𑲊𑲢𑲁𑲍𑱱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 3000 𑲉𑲊 𑲍𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱽𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲁 𑲊𑲰 𑲄𑲰 𑲀𑱼𑲁𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲪𑲴𑲋 𑲏𑱼𑲱 𑲏𑱼𑲪 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 2500 𑲂𑲁 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲊 𑲍𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲊 𑲃𑲳 𑲁𑱻𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲍𑲞𑲪𑱼 𑱽𑲍 𑲁 𑲎𑲰 𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑱾𑱼 𑲏𑲁 (Mahajanapada) 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲄𑲮𑲳𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑲃𑱽 𑱴𑱽𑲍 𑲏𑲀𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱼𑲳 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱴𑱵 𑱴𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲂𑱵 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲌𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱼𑱾𑲋 𑲉𑲴𑱽 𑲄𑲮𑲳𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑱴𑲪𑱴𑲍𑱱 𑲁 𑱴 𑱼𑲮𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲁 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑲍 𑱼𑱴𑲪𑲍 𑲅 𑲄𑲱 (Vajji) 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲁𑱻𑲲𑱽 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳𑲀 𑱼𑱵 𑱼𑲁𑱴 𑲏𑱻𑲀 𑲋𑲴 𑲁𑱵 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱽𑲍𑱱 𑲁𑱻𑲊 𑲁 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑲍 𑱼𑱴𑲪 𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳 𑱻𑲴𑲀 𑲍𑲚𑲳 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑱵 𑱿𑲩𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱻𑱵 𑲃𑲳 𑲌𑲴𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊𑱱 𑲊𑱵 𑲊𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑱽𑱵 𑱾 𑲍𑱵𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲋𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑱽 𑱾 𑲌𑲰𑱲𑲩 𑱻𑲲𑲀 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑱴𑲂𑲳𑲊 𑲀𑲲 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲪𑲲𑲀 𑲁𑱻𑲏 𑲍𑲞𑲳𑲋 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑲅𑲊 𑱼𑲮 𑲁 𑱽 𑲁 𑲎𑲰 𑲅𑲱 𑲊 (Vardhamana Mahavira) 𑱴𑱹𑲱𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑱵 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑱼𑲳 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱

𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑱴𑲍𑲲𑲁 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑱹𑲳 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲫𑲱𑱵 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑱿𑲋 𑲁𑲴 𑲃𑲳 𑲁𑲴𑲊 𑲅𑲱 𑲉 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑲁𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱳𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑲀𑲍𑲜𑲲𑲍𑱱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑱼𑲳 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑲍𑱵𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲍𑲱𑲰 𑲊𑲱𑲉𑲰 𑱼𑱵 𑲏𑲱𑲄𑲱𑱾𑲚𑱱 𑱴𑲮𑲱 𑲊𑲱 𑲍𑲳𑱱 𑲌𑲪𑲱 𑲋𑱵𑲔 𑱱 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑲋𑲲𑱵 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑱼𑱴 𑱺𑲲 𑲍𑲞𑲳𑲋 𑱼𑱴𑲴𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲀𑱲𑲏 𑲁𑱵𑱴𑲍 𑱼𑱵 𑲀𑲂𑲍 𑱿𑲴 𑱹 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑱿𑲩𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲴 𑲍𑲴𑲊 𑲀𑱺𑱵 𑱱 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑲁𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱻𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑱼𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑱳𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑱾 𑱺 𑲋𑲱 𑱾𑲲𑱺𑲪 (Pataliputra)𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑲊𑲜𑲴 𑲏𑲄𑲴𑱴 (Taxila) 𑲏𑲲 𑲄𑱽 (Ujjain) 𑲀𑲂𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑲃𑲳 𑱳𑱴 𑱳 𑲌𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱼𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲤𑲳𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 1,500 𑲊𑲱𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲃 𑲌𑲍 𑲏𑱼𑲪 𑲁𑲱𑱽 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑲃𑲲𑱵 𑱵𑲲 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴𑲍 𑲏𑲄𑲱𑱽 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲩𑲍𑱱 𑱼𑲳 𑱼𑱴 𑱼𑲀𑲲𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑱴𑲲𑲀 𑱺 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑲁𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱻𑱵 𑱽𑲱 𑲃𑲳𑲍 𑲏𑲀𑲲𑲊 𑱼𑲲 𑱻𑲴𑱽 𑱾 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑲀𑱼𑲲𑱽 𑱾 𑱽𑲍 𑲀𑲂𑲲 𑱴𑲂𑲱𑱴 𑲀𑲊 𑱼𑲲 𑱿𑲏 𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑱼𑱵𑱱 𑲊𑲌 𑱺𑱴 𑲏𑲲 𑱲𑲪 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽𑱱 𑱴𑲲𑲊 𑲄𑲊 𑱿𑲊 𑱺𑲱 𑲎 𑲊 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽𑱱 𑲀𑲂𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑱴𑲍𑲲𑲁 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲏𑱻𑲀 𑲏𑲊𑲢𑲴𑱼 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲋𑲮𑲴 𑱿𑲩𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲂 𑲋𑲲𑱴 𑲉 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽𑱱 𑲂𑲴𑲋 𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽𑱱 𑱿𑲋 𑲋 𑲀 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽𑱱 𑱿𑱽 𑱼 𑲉𑱽 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽𑱱 𑱽𑲲𑲀 𑲂 𑲋𑲲𑱴 𑲉 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽𑱱 𑲀𑲂𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑲀𑲂𑲲 𑱴𑲂𑲱𑱴 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑱼𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲂𑲴𑲋 𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲋𑲮𑲴 𑱿𑲩𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾 𑲁 𑲇𑱼 𑲌𑲪𑲱 𑲋𑱵 𑱲 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲋𑲮𑲴 𑲌𑲊 𑲏𑲳 𑲌𑲱 𑲉𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲋 𑲉𑱵 𑲀𑲊𑲢𑱽 𑲏𑲄𑲲𑲋 𑲀𑲩𑲍𑱱

𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑲀𑲂𑲲 𑱴𑲍𑲲𑲁 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑱼 𑱽𑲍 𑱼𑲱𑲋𑲫𑲱 𑱳 𑲃𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳𑲁𑲍 𑱴𑲍𑲊 𑲏𑲄𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲡𑱵 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲱 𑲀𑲊𑲚𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲃𑱴𑲍𑱱 𑱼𑲱𑲋𑲫𑲱 𑱳 𑲃𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳𑲁𑲍 𑱽𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱼 𑲁𑲱 𑲏𑱼𑲪 𑲀 𑱼𑲪𑲲𑱴 𑲋𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲲𑲀 𑲂𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲩𑲴𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱼𑱵 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑲍𑲝 𑲃𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲍𑲒𑲪𑲲𑱽 𑱺𑲳𑱱 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑱼𑲳𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑱼𑲱𑲋𑲫𑲱 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲝𑲁 𑱾 𑲏𑱼𑲱 𑲃𑱴𑲍𑱱 𑱳 𑲃𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱼 𑲍𑲲𑲋𑱺𑲰𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑲁𑲄𑲲𑱴 𑲊𑲤𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲤𑲳𑲍𑱱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑲀𑲂𑲲 𑱼𑲪𑲲𑱴 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱽𑱵 𑲁𑲲 𑱴𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲡𑱵 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲱 𑲀𑲂𑲲𑱴𑲍𑱱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑲀𑲂𑲲 𑱼𑲪𑲲𑱴 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲁𑲄𑲲𑱴 𑱺𑲲 𑲋𑲜𑲱 𑲋𑲱 𑱼𑱵 𑲏𑱴 𑲊 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲋 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑱾𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲊𑲤𑲳𑲍𑱱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍 𑲀𑲂𑲲 𑲀𑱼𑲲𑱽 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱽𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲍𑲒𑲁 𑲍 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑲁𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱿𑲋 𑲃𑲳 𑲀𑲊 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲍𑱱 𑲁𑲲 𑱴𑲋 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑲁 𑲁𑱻𑲏 𑲁 𑲏𑱼𑲱 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲊𑲤𑲳𑲍 𑲀𑲲 𑱿𑲪𑲲𑱴 𑱽𑱵 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲃 𑲏𑱻𑲀 𑲊𑲢𑲴𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱽𑱵 𑲏𑱳𑲪𑲲𑱴 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑲀 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑲁𑲲 𑱴𑲋 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑲁𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑱵 𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑱴𑲩𑲳𑱽 𑲋𑱵𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱾𑱱 𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑱽 𑱼𑱵 𑲏𑲎𑲟 𑱴𑲮𑱽 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑲀𑲂𑱽 𑲏𑲄𑲲𑲋 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲋 𑲀𑲊𑲚𑲳𑱽𑱱 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱻𑱵 𑱹𑲁𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲲𑱼 𑱼𑲲 𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊𑱱 𑲁𑲊𑲰𑱻𑲰𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳𑲁𑲍 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑲀𑲍 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑱽𑲍 𑲁𑲲 𑱴𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑱳 𑱴𑱺𑱼 𑱼𑲲 𑲋𑱵𑲍𑱱 𑱼𑲳 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲰𑱺 𑱼𑱵 𑲍𑲱𑱴 𑲁𑲱 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑱿𑲩𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱴𑱵 𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑱵𑲴 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲳𑱽 𑲋𑱵𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲍𑱱

𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1757 𑲋𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱿 𑲋 𑲍𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑲏𑱴𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲤𑲳𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱽𑱵 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲱𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑱼𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲌𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲡𑱵 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲱 𑲀𑲂𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1848 𑲋𑲴𑲊 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲱 𑱼𑱾𑲴𑱽 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱼𑲮𑲋 𑲎𑲴 𑲍𑲱 (Lord Dalhouse) 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱽𑱵 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲱𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑱳𑲩𑲀 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲲𑱵 𑲏𑲄𑲱𑱽 𑱾𑲊 𑲀𑲍𑲒𑲴𑲍 𑲌𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑱳𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱽𑱵 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲱 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲌𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑱼𑲊 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲢𑲳 𑲁𑲴𑲊 𑲍𑲴𑱽 𑱺𑲳 𑱾𑱽 𑲄𑲀 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑱾𑲳 𑲌 𑲅𑲊𑱱 𑱾 𑱻𑱽 𑲃𑲴 𑲀 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱽𑲲𑲀 𑲀𑲩𑱵 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱳𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑲇𑲫 𑲍𑲔𑲪𑲱𑲋 𑲀𑲩𑲍𑱱 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1857 𑲋𑲴𑲊 𑲁𑲳𑲰 𑲊𑲲 𑱺 𑲍 𑱴𑱽𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑱼𑲁𑱴 𑲁𑲱 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑱴𑲩𑲳𑱽 𑲋𑲴𑱴 𑱵𑲴 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑲋 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲌𑲱𑱵𑱱 𑲊𑲱𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲁 𑲏𑱴𑲴𑲊 𑲀𑲊 𑲍 𑱴𑱽𑲍 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑱽𑲍 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲲𑱵 𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲳𑱽 𑲋𑲴𑱴 𑱵𑲴 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑲋 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱾𑲍𑱱 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑱼𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲱𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲍𑲕𑲊 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑲍𑲪 𑲀𑲊𑲚𑱽 𑲉𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲊 𑱼𑱲𑲏 𑱵𑲋 𑲏𑱿𑲪𑱼 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱𑲊 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 𑱴𑲂𑲱𑱴 𑲂𑲁 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑱽𑱵 𑱴𑲩𑲳𑱽 𑲋𑲴𑱴 𑱵𑲴 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑲋 𑱼𑲳𑲊 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲲𑱵 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑲍𑲚𑱵𑲍 𑲏𑲄𑲱𑱽 𑱻𑲲𑲀 𑱾 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑱵 𑱱 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1919 𑲇𑲫 4 𑲃𑲳𑲍 ༡༣ 𑱹𑲱𑱽 𑲁𑱵 𑲃𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑱵 𑱿𑲪𑱴 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲏𑲁 𑲊𑲱 𑲍𑲊 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲍𑲳𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲮 𑱳𑱵 𑱹𑲳 𑲏𑱴𑲪𑲁 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲤 𑲋𑱽 𑲅 𑲋 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑱴𑲫𑲱𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑱼𑲁𑲊 𑱴𑲍𑲴𑱼 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑲁𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑲴𑱽 𑲊𑲒𑲩𑲳𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱 𑲀𑱼𑱴 𑱹𑲱𑱼 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑱴𑲮𑱽 𑱼𑲮𑲱 𑲁𑲃𑲴𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑱼𑲀𑲲 𑱳𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲏𑲴𑱴 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲲𑱵 𑲋 𑲁𑱹𑲁 𑲋𑲍 𑲁𑲱 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲲𑲋 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑲀𑲊𑲢𑲁𑲍𑱱 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1920 𑲇𑲫 10 𑱽𑲍 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1922𑲇𑲫 2 𑲀𑲊 𑱲𑲴𑱵 𑲊𑲳 𑲍𑲱 𑲃𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱵𑲴𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲊𑱵 𑲀𑲂𑱽 𑲏𑱻𑲀 𑲊𑲢𑲴𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱴𑲴 𑲊𑲚𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑱼 𑱾𑲊 𑱽𑲲𑲍 𑱾 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑱻𑲴𑱽𑱱 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1942 𑲇𑲫 8 𑱽𑱵 𑱴𑲮𑱽 𑱼𑲮𑲱 𑲁𑲃𑲴𑱴 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑲏𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲱 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲌𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲁𑱻𑲏 𑲍𑲞𑲪𑲴𑱼 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲲𑲋 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑲀𑲊𑲢𑲁𑲍 𑲌𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲍 𑱻𑲴𑱴 𑱽𑲍 𑲁𑱻𑲊 𑲍𑲞𑲪𑲴𑱼 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱼 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲲𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲀𑱲𑲴𑱼 𑱳𑲩𑲀 𑲁𑲱 𑲀𑲊𑲢𑲱 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑲄𑲮𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑲋 𑲋𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲲𑲋 (𑲏𑲃𑲱 𑱴𑲍𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲀𑲩𑲳 𑱻𑱴 𑱴𑲂𑲴𑱼 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲲𑲋) 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑲃𑲳 𑲀 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲍𑲞𑲳𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲏𑲱 𑱻𑱴 𑲀𑲂𑱼𑱱

𑱼𑲳 𑲋𑲚𑲊 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1947 𑲇𑲫 8 𑲃𑲳𑲍 14 𑲉𑲱 𑲁𑲃𑱽 𑱼𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲋 𑲊𑱵 𑲀𑲂𑱽 𑱻𑲴𑲀𑱱 (𑱼𑲳 𑱽𑲍 𑲀𑲇𑲲𑱵 𑲋𑲴 𑲊𑲚𑱴 𑱾𑲊 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲇𑲫 8 𑲃𑲳𑲍 15 𑱹𑲱𑱽 𑱽𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲋 𑲀𑲂𑱽 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲏𑲴𑱴 𑱽𑲍 𑲊𑱵 𑲀𑲂𑱽 𑱻𑲴𑲀 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱹𑲱𑱽 𑲁𑲴𑲊 𑱵𑲴𑲍 𑲏𑲄𑲱𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑲍𑲪𑲲𑱵 𑲀𑲊𑲢𑲱 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱) 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑱼𑲳𑲊 𑱽𑲳 𑲊𑲲 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲍 𑱽𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑲍 𑱻𑲴𑱴 𑲁𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲀𑲫𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑲀𑲍𑲒𑲴𑲍 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑱳𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑱿𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲴 1964 𑲀𑲊 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲀𑲫𑲴𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑱻𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑱽 𑲀𑲍𑲚𑲲𑱼 𑲁𑲊 𑲏𑱳𑲲𑲊 𑱴𑱽𑱵 𑲁𑲄𑱼 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱

𑲎 𑲊 𑱾𑲞𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲍𑱱 (Harappa)

𑲎 𑲊 𑱾𑲏 𑱼𑱾𑲋 𑲉𑲴𑱽𑱱

𑲎 𑲊 𑱾𑲞 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱽𑲱 𑲏𑱼𑲲 𑲏𑲄𑲱 𑱼𑱵 𑲇𑱵 𑲇𑲱𑱵 𑲂𑱽 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲊𑲳𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱼𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑱽𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑱴𑲂𑲴 𑱴𑱽𑱼 𑲁𑲱 𑲍𑲝 𑱽𑲱 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑲏𑲄𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲪𑲲𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲏𑲃𑲊 𑲏𑱴𑲴𑱼 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑲃𑲴 𑲉𑲱𑱽 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴 𑲁𑱵 𑲃𑲳 𑲀 𑱽𑲱 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑱳𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑱾 𑲉𑲱𑱽𑱱 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲊𑱵 𑱹𑲱𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑲏𑲀𑱵𑲍 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑲍 𑲃 𑲏𑱼𑲪 𑲁𑲱𑱽 𑲋 𑲀𑲊𑲤𑱵𑲍 𑱺𑲳 𑲋ཅ𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑲊𑲱𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲃𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲜𑲴 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲁𑱳𑲴 𑲍𑲔𑲪𑲲𑲀 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾𑲊 𑲁𑱵𑱴𑲍 𑱾𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼𑱱 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑱳𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑱼𑲳 𑱼𑱴 𑱴𑲍𑲳𑲊 𑱼𑱵𑲲𑲋 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑱽 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱽𑲴𑲊 𑲀𑲲𑲊 𑱼𑱴𑲏 𑲍𑲝𑱵 𑲃𑲳 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑱴𑲍𑲳𑲊 𑱼𑱵𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲍𑲚𑲳𑱵 𑲉𑲱𑱴 𑲊𑲱𑲍 𑲍𑲝 𑲃𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲊𑲒𑲴𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑱻𑲁 𑱲 𑱼𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑱽 𑲃 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲇𑲴 𑲉𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑲉𑱵 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱼𑲳 𑱼𑱴 𑱽𑱵 𑲋𑱴 𑲌𑲳𑲍 𑲁𑱳𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑲱 𑲍𑲝 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑲂𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑲏𑲄𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲪𑲲𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑲃 𑲏𑲃𑲴𑲋 𑲀 𑱼𑱵 𑲏𑲄𑲴𑱽 𑱻𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴𑲍 𑲋𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲝𑲳 𑲁𑱵 𑲋 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲴𑲋 𑲀𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼𑱱 𑲎 𑲊 𑱾𑲞 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲌 𑲋 𑲋𑲲𑲍 𑱼𑱵𑲴𑲍 𑱾𑲴 𑲊𑲙𑲳𑱼 𑲍𑲴𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑲀 𑱼𑱴 𑲋 𑲀𑲊𑲚𑱴 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑲀 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍𑱱 𑱻𑲴𑱽 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱿𑲋 𑲃𑲳 𑲀 𑲊𑲜𑲴 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑱴𑲍𑲳𑲊𑱱 𑱼𑱵𑲲𑲋𑱱 𑲇𑱵𑲍𑱱 𑲋𑲱𑱱 𑲋ཅ𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲇𑲴𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲇𑱵𑲍 𑱼𑱵 𑲋𑲱 𑱽𑲱 𑲋𑱴 𑲃 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑱴𑲴 𑲁𑲃𑲴𑱽𑱱 𑱻𑲀 𑲃𑲍 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲇𑲴 𑲀𑲊 𑲀𑲳𑱼 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲴𑱼 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲋ཅ𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱻𑲴𑱽 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱿𑲲𑱼 𑱼 𑱼𑲲𑱵 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱵 𑲀𑲋 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲇𑲴𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲍 𑲎𑲪𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲳 𑲏𑱼𑲪 𑲉𑱵 𑲊𑲙𑲳𑱼 𑲍𑲴𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑱱 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲳𑲊 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 7000 𑱴𑲱 𑲉𑲊 𑲍𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑱽𑲍 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱵 𑲀𑲋 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳 𑲏𑱿𑲳𑲋 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑲀𑲊 𑱴𑲪𑱴𑲍 𑲌𑲱𑱵𑱱 𑱴𑱽𑲏 𑲊𑲤𑲍 𑱼𑱾𑲩𑱼 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑲀 𑱾 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲎 𑲊 𑱾𑲞 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱵 𑲀𑲋 𑲏𑱻𑱴 𑲀𑲳𑲩𑱼 𑲉𑲴 𑲃𑲍 𑲏𑱼𑲪 𑲁𑲱𑱽 𑲊𑲙𑲳𑱼 𑲍𑲴𑱽 𑱻𑲲𑲀 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑱳 𑲇𑲍𑱱 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱽𑱵 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲍𑲜𑲴𑱼 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑱿𑲲𑱼𑱱 𑱼 𑱼𑲲𑱵 𑲁𑲱 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲴𑱴 𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲍𑲜𑲴𑱼 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲴𑱴 𑱾 𑱼𑲳 𑱼𑱴 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱽𑱵 𑲍𑲜𑲴𑱼 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑲃𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱳 𑲇𑲍 𑲁𑱳𑲴 𑲏𑱼𑲴𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲀𑲊𑲚𑱴 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑲀 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱾 𑲀𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱼 𑲎 𑲊 𑱾𑲞𑲏𑲱 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑲁𑲱 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲴 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑱽𑲍𑱱 𑲍𑲪𑱽 𑲁𑱱 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲍𑱱 𑱾𑱼 𑱳 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲲 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑲏𑱼𑲳𑲀𑲍 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑱾 𑲌𑲳𑲍 𑲊𑲚𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑱱 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲃𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑱴 𑲃 𑱴𑲍𑲊 𑲀𑲇𑲴 𑱼𑱵 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑱼𑲲 𑲃𑲲 𑲏𑱼𑲪𑲳𑱽 𑲍𑲏𑲱 𑲉𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲲 𑲉𑱵 𑲀𑲇𑲴𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲲 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑲏𑱼𑲳𑲀𑲍 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑲋𑲮𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑲊 𑲋𑲲𑱴 𑱼𑱵 𑲁 𑲎𑲳𑱱 𑲀 𑱿𑲩𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱴𑲍𑲴 𑱹𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑲋𑱱 𑲊𑲱 𑱼𑲥𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑱵 𑲀𑲊𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱹𑲁𑲍 𑲃𑱴 𑲍𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱱

𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 3900 𑲂𑲁 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲊 𑲍𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑲎 𑲊 𑱾𑲞 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱼𑲲 𑲏𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑱻𑲳𑲀𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲁𑲱 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑱽𑱵 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲍𑲜𑲴𑱼 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑲁𑲃𑲁𑲍 𑲏𑲄𑲴𑱴 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲁 𑲀𑲲 𑱴𑲍𑲊 𑱾 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑱼 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑲀𑲊𑲢𑲁𑲍𑱱 𑲀𑲇𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑱵 𑲋𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑲃 𑱼𑱲𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑲍𑲴𑱵 𑲀 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑱼𑲲 𑲉𑲲𑲊 𑲃𑲲 𑲏𑱼𑲪𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲁 𑲍𑲪𑲴𑲋 𑲉𑱵 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑱹𑲁𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲲𑱼 𑱼𑲲 𑲍𑲴𑱵 𑱱 𑲍𑲜𑲴𑱼 𑱳𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲀𑱲𑲴𑱼 𑱾 𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑱴𑱵 𑲍𑲊 𑱴𑱼 𑲍𑲙𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱿𑲲𑱵 𑱴𑲍𑲴𑱴 𑲋𑲍 𑲁𑱻𑲴𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑲁𑲳𑱼 𑱾𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀 𑲊𑲳𑱼𑱱 𑲏𑲴 𑱽 𑲏𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀 𑱼𑲳 𑲏𑱼𑲪 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲍𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑲁𑲃𑱽 𑱴𑱵 𑲉𑲱𑱽 𑱽𑲁 𑲄𑲮𑲳 𑱽𑱱 𑲁𑱳𑲍 𑱾 𑱳 𑲂𑲱𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑲏𑱼𑲴𑱼 𑲃𑲲𑲋 𑲋 𑱴𑲂𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲍𑲒𑲁 𑱽𑲍 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑲃𑲲 𑲃𑱼 𑱾𑲍 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱻𑲀𑲍 𑲀𑲪𑲋 𑲀𑲊 𑲏𑱼𑲴𑱼 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑲉𑱵 𑲋 𑲋𑲍 𑲌𑲱𑱵 𑱽𑱴𑲍 𑱴𑲂𑲴𑱼 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲳𑱴 𑲃𑱼 𑲋𑲍 𑲏𑱼𑲍 𑱾 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲊𑲒𑲩𑲳𑱽 𑲍𑲴 𑱿𑱴 𑱼𑱵 𑲋ཅ𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲲 𑲃𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲁𑲳 𑲌𑲱𑱵 𑲊𑲤𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱾 𑲁 𑲇𑱼 𑱻 𑱽 𑱳𑲩𑲱𑲁 𑱼𑲲 𑲄 𑲍𑲒𑲴𑲋 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲁𑲳 𑲌𑲱𑱵 𑲉𑱵 𑱼𑱲𑲴𑱽 𑱾𑲴𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲃𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑲫𑲳𑱵𑱱 𑲁𑱳𑲍 𑱾 𑱳 𑲂𑲱𑱴 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑲍𑲔𑲴 𑱿𑲩𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑱴𑱹𑲳𑲊 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱾 𑲁𑱵 𑱼𑲪𑱴𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲊𑲢𑲥 𑱼𑱵 𑲊𑲢𑲱 𑱻𑲴𑱴 𑱻𑲁𑲍 𑲂𑱼 𑲇𑱼 𑱾𑲊 𑲀𑲊𑲚𑲳𑱽 𑲍𑲔𑲴 𑱿𑲩𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲏𑲃𑲴 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱽 𑲃𑱼 𑱾𑲊 𑲏𑱼𑲴𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑱵 𑲋𑲚𑲊 𑲉𑱵 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑲏𑱳𑲴𑱼 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑲁𑲃𑱽 𑱼𑱴 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑲉𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲊𑲤𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲢 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑱵 𑲍𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲊 𑲊 𑲍𑲞𑲪𑲴𑱼 𑲁𑱻𑲊 𑱿𑲩𑲱𑱽 𑱾 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱳𑱴 𑱾𑲴 𑲊𑲳𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑲂𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲍𑲒𑲁 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑲃𑲲 𑲋𑲴𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑱴𑱽𑲴𑱼 𑲏𑲃𑲳 𑲋𑲚 𑲀𑲲𑲍 𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑲏𑱴𑲏 𑲌𑲍 𑲋 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑲊 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱽 𑱻𑲳𑲀𑲍 𑱾 𑲁 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱵 𑱳𑲩𑲳𑲊 𑲉𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲊𑲤𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲢 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑱵 𑲏𑱴𑲪𑲴 𑲁𑲱 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼𑱱 𑲃𑲴𑱼 𑲀𑱴𑲁 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱽 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲍 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲋𑲳𑱴𑲍 𑱾𑲴 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲁 𑱻𑲲𑲀 𑱾 𑲁𑲱𑱽 𑱽𑲁 𑲍𑲙𑲁𑱱

𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑲁𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲊𑲀𑲍𑱱

𑲁𑲱 𑲁𑱵 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑲏𑲴𑲍 𑲏𑱿𑱵𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑱳𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲏𑱼𑲳𑲁𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲋𑲁 𑲍𑲪𑲴𑲋 𑲋 𑱼𑲳𑱵 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳𑲀 𑱿𑲋 𑲃𑲳 𑲀𑲍 𑱼𑱴𑲏 𑲁𑲴𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑱽𑲏 𑲀𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲋 𑱼𑱾𑲳 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑱴 𑱽 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴𑲍 𑲀𑱲𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑲁𑲱𑲍 𑲀𑱼𑲁𑲍 𑱾 𑲋𑲍 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑱼𑱵 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑱳𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲁𑱵 𑲃𑲳 𑲀 𑱽𑲱 𑱿 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱼 𑲀𑲲 𑲏𑲄𑲱𑱽 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲌𑲳𑱼 𑲏𑲀𑲏 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵𑱱 𑱼𑱾𑲳𑲊 𑱽 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 3000 𑲉𑲊 𑲍𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱽𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲁 𑲊𑲰 𑲄𑲰 𑲀𑱼𑲁𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲪𑲴𑲋 𑲏𑱼𑲱 𑲏𑱼𑲪 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳 𑲀𑲴 𑱴𑱵 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲌𑲳𑱼 𑲀𑲳𑱼 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲴𑱼 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑲀𑲫𑲴𑲍 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲊𑲳 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲃𑲳 𑱼𑲳 𑱹𑲱𑱼 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲊 𑲀𑲍𑲒𑲴 𑲀 𑲉𑲱𑱽𑱱 𑲊𑲚𑲏𑲱 𑲃𑲴 𑱴𑲏𑲁 𑲏𑲌 𑲀 𑲁𑲳 𑱼𑲮𑲰 (Ashvamedha) 𑲄𑲮𑲳𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲪𑲴𑲋 𑲋 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱽 𑲊𑲚 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑱼 𑲂𑲱𑱴 𑱴𑱵 𑲍𑲊 𑲏𑱳𑲩𑲁𑲍 𑱹𑲲𑲋 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱼𑲲 𑲏𑲄𑲲𑱴 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑱼𑲳𑲊 𑲀𑲫𑲴𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲋𑲚 𑲍𑲪𑲲𑱵 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑲋 𑱺𑲳 𑲊𑲚 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑱼 𑱼𑲳 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑱼𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱳𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑲍𑲴𑱵 𑱽𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑱼𑲳𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲍 𑲀𑱲𑱴 𑲍𑲜𑲴𑲁 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲃𑲳𑱱 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑱹𑲱𑲍 𑱼𑲀𑲊 𑱼𑲁𑱴 𑲏𑱻𑲀 𑱼𑲪𑱴 𑱾𑲴 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱼𑱴𑲴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑲋𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳 𑱻𑲴𑲀 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑱼𑲳 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑱳𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑱴𑲂𑲴 𑲀𑲴𑲊 𑱵𑲴𑲍 𑲏𑲄𑲱𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑲋 𑱺𑲳 𑲊𑲚 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑱼 𑱼𑲳 𑱼𑲳 𑲁𑲲𑲊 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑱵 𑲀 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑱲𑱴 𑲍𑲜𑲴𑲁 𑲁 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱽𑱱 𑲊𑱵 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑱿𑲁 𑱾𑲊 𑱳𑲍 𑲋𑲳𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲚𑱴𑲍 𑲉𑲱𑱽 𑱾𑲍𑱱 𑲊𑲚 𑲊𑲔𑲴𑱼 𑲏𑱳𑲩𑲁𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑲏𑲄𑲲𑱴 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑱼𑲳 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲁 𑱴𑲂𑲴 𑱴𑱽𑱼 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑱳𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲋 𑱵𑲴𑲍 𑲏𑲄𑲱𑱽 𑱾 𑲉𑲱𑱽𑱱 𑲊𑲚𑲏𑲱 𑲃𑲴 𑱴 𑱼𑲳 𑲋𑲳𑱴𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲪𑲲𑲀 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑲁𑲃𑲁𑲍𑱱 𑱾𑱽𑲜𑲱𑱺 𑱼𑱵 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑱼𑱾𑲴𑱽 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑱿𑲩𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲃𑲴 𑱴 𑱿𑲩𑱴 𑲋𑲳𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲊𑲤𑲳𑲍𑱱 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑱼𑱾𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑱼𑱴 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲍 𑲏𑲀𑲲𑲋 𑲃𑱽 𑲏𑱼𑲳𑱴𑲍 𑲏𑲀𑲲𑲋 𑲄𑲮𑲲𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲊𑲚𑲳𑱽 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲳𑲋 𑲄𑲮𑲲 𑲉𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑱳𑲪𑲱 𑲍𑲚𑲳𑱵 𑱼𑲲 𑲏𑱳𑲴𑱼 𑲊𑲤𑲳𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑱼𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲉𑱵 𑲊𑲱𑲁 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱽 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲋 𑲋 𑲏𑱳𑲴𑱼 𑱼𑲳𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑲃𑲳 𑲀 𑲍𑲝 𑲃𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱴𑲫𑲳𑱵 𑲀𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲀𑲫𑲴𑱽 𑲏𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲍𑲊 𑲁𑲱 𑲁𑱵 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲊 𑲏𑲀𑲲𑲋 𑲀 𑱿𑲲𑲋 𑱽𑲍 𑲀𑱲𑲪 𑲌𑲱𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲚𑲳𑱽 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲳𑲋 𑲄𑲮𑲲 𑲀 𑲉𑲱𑱽𑱱 𑲏𑲴𑱽 𑱲𑲩𑱵 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱼𑲁𑱽 𑱾 𑲊𑲝𑲁𑲍 𑱽𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲀𑲫𑲴𑱽 𑲏𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲍𑲊 𑲀𑲂𑲊 𑲃𑲴𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑲁𑲳𑱼𑱱 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑱼𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲊 𑲊𑲰 𑲄𑲰 𑲄𑲮𑲳𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲴 𑲁𑲱𑱵 𑲋𑲍 𑲁𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑱵 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲃𑲴 𑱴 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲍𑲔𑲪𑲲𑲀 𑱻𑲲𑲀 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲋 𑲄𑲰 𑱽𑲰 𑱾𑲰 𑱼𑲰𑲏𑲁 (Janapada) 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲄𑲮𑲳𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲴 𑲁𑲱𑱵 𑱻𑲴𑲀 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 ༢༥༠༠𑲂𑲁 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲊 𑲍𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲊 𑲃𑲳 𑲁𑱻𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲍𑲞𑲪𑱼 𑱽𑲍 𑲁 𑲎𑲰 𑲄𑲰 𑱽𑲰 𑱾𑲰 𑱼𑲰𑲏𑲁 (Mahajanapada) 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲄𑲮𑲳𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑲃𑱽 𑱴𑱽𑲍 𑲏𑲀𑲲𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑱽𑲏 𑲊𑲤𑲍 𑱼𑱾𑲩𑱼 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑲀 𑱾 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑱼𑲱𑲋𑲫𑲱 𑲊𑲙𑲱𑱵 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑲁𑲱𑲰 𑲊𑲲𑱺 (Meruti) 𑱹𑲳 𑲏𑱳𑲴𑲊 𑱼𑲲 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲀𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑱽𑲏 𑲊𑲤𑲍 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲊𑲙𑲳𑱼 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑲋𑱱 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑲏𑲀𑱵𑲍 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲏𑲀𑲪𑲍 𑱼𑱵 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑱱 𑱽𑲍𑱱 𑲍𑲪𑱽 𑲁𑱱 𑱾𑱼 𑱳 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲏𑱼𑲳𑲀𑲍 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱾 𑲌𑲳𑲍 𑲊𑲚𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑱱 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲏𑱼𑲱 𑱼𑱴 𑲋 𑲊𑱵 𑱹𑲱𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲍 𑱼𑱵 𑲁𑱳𑲊 𑲊𑲤𑲴𑱵 𑲍𑲝 𑲃𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑲂𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑲁𑱳𑲊 𑲊𑲤𑲴𑱵 𑱼𑲳 𑱼𑱴 𑱽𑲱 𑱼𑱴𑲪 𑲀𑲴𑲊 𑲋𑲚 𑲍𑲪𑲲𑱵 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑱳𑲴 𑱽 𑲂𑲁 𑲁𑲱𑱽 𑱾𑲊 𑲊𑱵 𑱹𑲱𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲 𑱽𑲴𑲊 𑱼𑱵 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲌 𑱴𑲍 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑲋 𑱵𑲴𑲁 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲏𑲱 𑲃𑲳𑱼 𑱼𑲲𑲏𑱵 𑲉𑲱𑱽 𑱾𑲊 𑲏𑱼𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑱼𑲁𑱴 𑲁𑲱 𑲏𑲀𑲴𑲊 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱹𑲊 𑲀 𑱼𑱵 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲊 𑱴𑲫 𑲃 𑱴𑲩 𑱽𑲴𑲁 𑱾 𑲍𑲞𑲪𑱼 𑱽𑲍 𑲋𑲴 𑲏𑱳𑲴𑲊 𑲁𑲴𑲊 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑲱𑲍 𑲍𑲪𑲲𑱵 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑲀 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱

𑲁 𑱴 𑱼𑲮 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲊𑲀𑲍𑱱

𑲁 𑱴 𑱼𑲮𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑱽𑲱 𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 𑱹𑲱𑲍 𑲀𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑲂𑲁 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲱𑱵 𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲍𑲒𑱼 𑱴𑲪𑱴𑲍 𑲃𑲳 𑲌𑲴𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊𑱱 𑲍𑲙𑱽 𑱴𑲪𑱴𑲍 𑲂𑱽 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲃𑲲 𑲀𑲴 𑱴𑱵𑲔𑲰 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲁 𑱴 𑱼𑲮 𑲀𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱼 𑱽𑲍 𑲀𑲄𑲮𑲲𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑲂𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑱼𑲳𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲪𑲱𑲁 𑲏𑱴𑲪𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑱵 𑲃𑲲 𑱽𑲲𑲍 𑱻𑲴𑱽 𑱳𑲲𑱵𑲍𑱱 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑲋𑲍 𑱻𑲴𑱽 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑱼𑱱 𑱽𑱴𑲍 𑲃𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲋 𑱿𑱽 𑱻𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲀𑲩𑲲𑱵 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑲄𑲮𑱽 𑲉𑱵 𑲋ཅ𑱴𑲍 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱻𑲴𑱽 𑱳𑲲𑱵𑲍 𑲋𑲳𑱴𑲍 𑱾𑲍 𑱴𑲴 𑲁𑲃𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑱵 𑲋𑱴 𑲃 𑲍𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲇𑲴 𑲍𑲒𑲪𑲲𑱽 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾𑲊 𑱼𑲁𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑲀𑲍𑲋 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑱿𑱽 𑱽𑲲𑲍 𑱻𑲴𑱽 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑲁 𑱴 𑱼𑲮𑲏𑲱 𑲉𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲍𑲙𑱽 𑱴𑲪𑱴𑲍 𑲌𑲱𑱽 𑱺𑲲 𑲃𑲳 𑲀 𑱴𑱹𑲱𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲴𑱽 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑱾 𑱽𑲱 𑱴𑲇𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲂𑱽 𑲍𑲙𑲱𑱵 𑱾𑲴 (Bimbisara) 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲁 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑲍 𑱼𑱴𑲪 (Ajatsattu)𑱴𑱹𑲱𑲍 𑲉𑲱𑱽𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑱴𑲇𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲂𑱽 𑲍𑲙𑲱𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑱽𑲱 𑲁 𑱴 𑱼𑲮𑲏𑲱 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱻𑱵 𑲍𑲞𑲳𑲋 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑱻𑲴𑱴 𑲁 𑱼𑲳 𑲉𑲱𑱽𑱱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴 𑲁 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑲍 𑱼𑱴𑲪𑲍 𑲊𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲉𑲀 𑱴𑲇𑲲𑱴𑲍 𑲂𑱽 𑲍𑲙𑲱𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲀𑱲𑲪𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲊𑲤𑲳𑲍 𑲁 𑱴 𑱼𑲮𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲍 𑲀𑲇𑲲𑱵 𑱱 𑲅 𑲄𑲱 (Vajji) 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲁𑱻𑲲𑱽 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳𑲀 𑱼𑱵 𑱼𑲁𑱴 𑲏𑱻𑲀 𑲋𑲴 𑲁𑱵 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱽𑲍𑱱 𑲁𑱻𑲊 𑲁 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲳𑲍 𑱼𑱴𑲪 𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳 𑱻𑲴𑲀 𑲍𑲚𑲳 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑱵 𑱿𑲩𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲁𑱵𑲏 𑱻𑱵 𑲃𑲳 𑲌𑲴𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊𑱱

𑲁 𑱴 𑱼𑲮𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑱵 𑱿𑲩𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑱽𑲱𑱱 𑲅 𑲄𑲱 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲁𑱻𑲲𑱽 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳𑲀 𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑲀𑲱 𑲎𑲊 𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑲉𑲱𑱽𑱱 𑲅 𑲄𑲱𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲍𑲚𑱵𑲍 𑲋 𑱴𑲮 𑱽 (Gana) 𑲄𑲮𑲳𑲍 𑲇𑲳𑲊 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑱼𑲳 𑱽𑲱 𑲍𑲞𑲩𑲱 𑲁𑱻𑲲𑱽 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱳𑲀 𑲀𑲁 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱿𑲪𑱽 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴 𑲁𑱹𑲁 𑲏𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲀𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑲴𑱽 𑲉𑲱𑱽𑱱 𑱴𑲮 𑱽𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑲍𑲒𑲩𑲴𑱵 𑲁𑱳𑱽 𑲋 𑲁𑲱 𑱴𑲂𑲱𑱴 𑲋𑲍 𑲁𑱵 𑲀 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑲂𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲊 𑲁𑲱 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑱵 𑲃𑲴 𑲋𑲍 𑲀𑲊𑲔𑲋 𑲀𑲏𑱵 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴 𑲃𑱵 𑲁𑲊 𑲊 𑲄𑲰𑲏𑲱 𑱴𑲴 𑱴𑱽𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑲋 𑱳𑲴 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑲍𑲪𑲱𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲋𑲍 𑱼𑲴𑱽 𑲍𑲔𑲪𑲲𑲀 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑲁𑱹𑲁 𑱼𑲲 𑲏𑱼𑲲𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑱴𑲪𑲴𑲍 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱾 𑱼𑱵 𑱱 𑲀𑱴𑲪𑲴 𑱴𑲫𑲳𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲋𑲁 𑱽𑲍 𑱴𑱽𑲍 𑲃𑲲𑲋 𑱻𑱴 𑱴𑲂𑲴𑱼 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱 𑱴𑲮 𑱽 𑲋 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍 𑲏𑱴𑲊 𑲍𑲵𑱴𑲮 (Sangha) 𑲉𑱵 𑲀𑲊𑲤𑲴𑱼 𑲂𑲱𑱵 𑱱 𑲀𑱼𑱴 𑲂𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑱽 𑱾 𑲌𑲰𑱲𑲩 𑱻𑲲𑲀 𑱾 𑲉𑱵 𑲌𑲰𑱲𑲩𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲱𑱴𑲍 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲍𑲵𑱴𑲮𑲏𑲱 𑱳𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲍𑲲 𑱴𑱺𑲴𑱴𑲍 𑲍𑲴𑱱 𑱱

𑲋𑲴 𑱵𑲴 2300𑲋𑲮𑱴 𑱴𑲱 𑲉𑲊 𑲍𑲕𑲴𑱽 𑱼𑲲 𑲏𑲳 𑲋𑲳𑱴 𑲂𑱽𑲜𑲪 (Alexandra)𑲄𑲮𑲳𑲍 𑱾𑲏𑲱 𑲉𑲲 𑲊𑲴𑲀 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑱴𑲴𑱵 𑲁 𑲄𑲮𑲱𑱴 𑱴𑲱𑲍 𑲉𑲲 𑲊𑲴𑲀 𑱲𑲩𑲱 𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑲁𑱵 𑱾𑲴𑲊 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲁𑱻𑲊 𑲏𑲳 𑲌𑲱 𑲉𑲏𑲱 𑲍 𑱳𑲲𑲋 𑱼𑲲 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲏𑱴𑲴 𑲀𑲊𑲢𑲁𑲍𑱱 𑱳𑲴𑲍 𑲏𑲄𑲁 𑱴𑲫𑲱𑱵 𑲉𑲴𑱵𑲍 𑲋 𑱼𑲀𑱵 𑲍𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑱽𑲍 𑲊𑱵 𑱹𑲱𑱼 𑲏𑲄𑲁 𑱴𑲫𑲱𑱵 𑱴𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲊 𑲏𑱴𑲩𑲲𑲊 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲲𑲏𑲱 𑲊𑲳 𑲀 𑲀𑲂𑱵𑲍𑱱 𑲏𑲴𑱽 𑱲𑲩𑱵 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲍𑲒𑲁 𑲍 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑲁𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱹𑲳 𑲏𑱴𑲪𑲁 𑱼𑲲 𑲍𑲫𑲳𑲀𑲍 𑲍𑲒𑲀𑲍𑱱 𑱳𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑱼𑲁𑱴 𑲁𑲱 𑲃𑲴𑲍 𑲊𑲔𑲩 𑱴𑲊 𑱴𑲩𑲱 𑲊𑲔𑲩𑲋 𑱾𑲴𑲏𑲱 𑲍𑲚𑲴𑲀𑲍 𑲌 𑱴𑲍 𑲎 𑲂𑱵 𑲃𑲳𑱽 𑱾𑲴 𑲉𑲴𑱼 𑱾 𑱻𑲴𑲍 𑱾𑲍𑱱 𑲁𑲲 𑲁𑱻𑲲𑱼 𑱼𑱾𑲲𑱵 𑲁𑲄𑲲𑱴 𑲀𑲩𑲳𑱼 𑲁𑲱 𑱽𑲲𑲍 𑱾𑲊 𑱿𑲩𑲱𑲊 𑲋𑲴𑱴 𑲀𑲩𑲍 𑲉𑲴𑱼𑱱

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