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Ehantisi ya Naima na Emphula

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Mahiku 09 mweeri anethana xexe eyaakha ya 2012

Miyuupuwelelo sa Wamphula Yolempwa ni: Alberto Viegas Kookhala , kisomihaka, voophiyaka ikathi iraneya okhuma mweeri ya namuloko eyaakha yaeyaakha ya1950 mpanhar mweeri a namuloko eyaakha ya1975 ( iyaakha25), Muttetthe a Etistiriitu ya Omusiriril, ikathyeene yoowo yiira mipantte “ Omusuriri”, wiira mipantte wa etistiriitu ya Omosampiikhi (olelo enriwa epuruvinsiya ya Wamphula)[1].

 

Epooma ya wamphula

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Ikathi owo, Omusiriri yahikhala khuta epoosto makawanyereyo ntoko Olympus, Olunka, Omatthipani Onapo ni Wantthiya. Ela nithonyerya ahu va muruweryo mwa sohimwa.ni sowiwa ahus akhuta okathi,Marwa ahu niiwaka athu mmavanelo.mwaya mohisuwanyeya, yalikeleka Miraneyo ni sokhumelela siiraneye Muttettheni ikathi yoole wawanwliwa aya okameliwa wowinehereyaxa WA Eelapo tá Omosampiikhi yakelelihiwa omuhooli nakubya apwittikisi, yattweliwe ni nsina na, ” Ekhutto Yamurettele”, yehereryaka variyari viiyeeyo wi ikupaleeliwi ni ikapi sa ikuru sa Eyuroopa wiiwo Portukaale aari takhalanne mittetthe Wafirika non, owo ahimwa awe winiye saari.mittetthe sawe, ni wi okweherye siiso mavekelo yakhanyererya Epanca yulupale wiraneye epooma ya Operli, ni yiranenye mweeri wa namuloko mmosa, eyaakha ya 1984 mpanhar mweeri a namiili eyaakha ya 1985, wa emosa waiseiye sathokihiwe waari okamelexiwa mittetthesa Waafirika, seyo khuta ole aarina Ikuru ni Namusurukhu anikukumiherya onakamela Ihakhi sookhala.mittetthe sawe[2]. Mwaha yoovira okathi muneene viuraneyaka okhuma okhuma eyaakha ya 1950 mpakha olelo eyaakha ta(2012), ti vopwanela eu Milaleeryo Khamsa Khamsa sa miraneyo iya, Ikina sahikwela,vanceenexa oye okatthi olé sooniherya ophova mukhalela o aya, ntokho vanthonherya ayamwaha a Kapitawu Rufino, Alferexi Rodriguês, Namalatha ilatarato Carvalho (anamahoola akapwitthi Neutel de Abreu, oteene ayasa owuluvaleene ni khavarasa muteko mwaha qui mareformaato), Mwamuthiyana Mariamo (namakweliwwa iyawe Neutel de Abreu, ovonre otuniya eyaakha ya 1978, asuwelexiwa ni nsina na “ Nama-Taareeje”), Francisco Xavier de Melo (osuwelexiwa ni nsina na “Chichico”), A Axineene Especiosa Dias ni Luisa Dias ( ala okhiseryasa , yasuweliwa nokhala “Muhano-Djindja”), axihimaya oyaraniwa ni Axineene a imatta solupalexa sa mikole sinipwanyaneya Osiriri, waale: Mingurine ni Ampoense, voottharelana[3]. Mwa sohimwa kiwalya aka miraneyo iya, Alina yaari makastamunyauns anamoona, akinaku yaari makustumunya owattamela ale yakontha, nileelo, akinaku yanitthikela Iye yewalya aye iyaakha sivinre[4]. Anamahoola akapwitthi o Neutel de Abreu yanalikela miraneyo, vephatthuwelone yaromolaka nttittimiho nakunya, aromolaka ikuru sonamawana aya ,yarinaaya. Yanilavula vancenexa, wikupaliki, mwa ekhotto yawana aya oMuxenka (19 mpakha 20/10/1896) Onakema (3/3/1897), Ibrahimo (6/3/1897), Mucuto Muno, eyo piiyo Mukuttu-Munu (7/3/1897) ni Ikina, siiso ahisuwelihaka iye yawerowa aya wala oye saxankihakani yaloliwa aya[5]. 

Vopacerexeene, manaturaale yakihimerya sowiraneya iya arumeliwaka akapwitthi sinoniherya

Olipa murina no wilipiha wapoovu a waafirika, ni yaniwiirela “ anawiihimwe” akunya, okhala wiira khuta ikathi yanittyawela mmalittini mowiixa, itirinxeera, nnakhala yarumeelaka akapwitthi aalupala opakiwa ni ikaruma sa muraareloxe: Akanyawu, ispinkarta sookhalana ipayoneeta saya, ni yanarumeela ikhavalo,awanaka nalopwana yaarina mavaka mareetthe, ni espinkaarta emosa emosa, awanaka si yixakiherye nanakhutto yawatakari[6]. Variyari vaale yakisuweliha miraneyo oya sowopiha,kinimurumola mutoko tolo karpi teero Selemane, okathyeene yoowo Varela ekerece katoolika to Onsiriri, alifiyati Amisse Momade, manaatho Alberto Walava, Namuteki a Watiministarasawu ya Onsiriri onakhula ni nsina na Rachado Momade Elico, mwaana a khaapu Momade Elico, a Muttetthe a Reekule Xa-Jamal, Lunka, ni Antonio Napíri, serventi o Poosto meteoroloxiku o Onsiriri,masi muthana thanu avaro Olumpu[7]. Mahoku yawaniwa OMucenka, Onakema, Ibraimo ni (Omukuttu-Munu) nithonya ahus mu sipwanyaneya sipatteiwale vaxirini a mafulo amiga Roiye Omosampiikhi nno, ohoolo WA Empa ya Kuveeruni a Etistiriitu Omisiriri. Maphattuwelo a Nsina na Wamphula Okathi ovire, muttetthe ola ota wa elapo ahikhala Mwene amawaani Nsina nawe narimenle vohisuwanyeya variyari va iyaakha iskonto sene ni ottipiheya mmupuweloni mmwalopwana, khuphiya wa hiyo nsina na isepwere Mphula, Nenê nasuwelaniwa awe noolimalelexiwa ni attittimihaniwa awe[8]. Akhume mittetthe o mwiaako Namuuli, ahikhala iyaakha vakhaani mittetthe Oripawe, wiira mipantte a nikoto na emusi a Mwene Muruula, muthana thanari ahithipela khuyakhala mittetthe olelo empwanyaneya aya eppoma ya Wamphula, vopacerexeene Omarere, thana thanari, mapuro ampwanyaneya vaninaanoni eri ekwarteele Yatoropa[9]. Nuulumo nne na Mphula nivukulo a Muhina- Ohiyu, niphattuwa muhina mwa eveerpu “ophula”, otaphulela “ ophila”, “ otaphuwa”, “s ethu entaphuwa”, ni “ophuliwa” wala “ophuliya” nsuz nohithonyexa a veerupu yoowo, vataphulelaka “ Otaphuliwa ni mukina”[10]. Maweheryo ahu, orumeeliwa veerupu “ophula” wí ethonyiwe mukhalelo ophula etakwa yootepexa prima ohitharaka ephiro, Wala ovira mmatta Wala ovira mmuttettheni, wikittha etekha, weetta ekwaha noohiyu[11]. Ikathi wa ekhotto ya makoto,Mweneene yoowo, wiira ohinyakulihane ni mamwene makina anamwattamanani awe, ahilapuwa natorupa awe, noohiyu Eriyari, mittetthe samantari awe wilaale ni khiyaatakari mittetthe samamwene otepexa itteiwene,irelaka wavarakasa axilopwana ni wanakamela mireerelo. Wanitthikela mmuttettheni mwawe manamuna yoowo iraawe okhumaka: otuphaka mittetthe sanamwattamanani awe vamurettelene,noohiyu[12]. Ehapari ele tá ekhutto yiiwanyeya mmawaani wa mamwene a mittetthe oye saakameliwe ni mwene ole, itthu ale a mittetthe avira awe vohisuweleene yanikohana mukina ni mukwa awe: - ovinre silini mu? Vano, ale ari yaasuwelaos ysnakhlasa yiiraka: - “Ophunle muumu” – ntaphulelo naya variyari va mweejunyani, vaahimwa: “ophule muumu , ohoyu”, vaahimwa wi “ ovinre mittetthe yoola noohiyu”[13]. Vaathikeliwaka ikwaha sinceene, Manamuna yoole, atthu yomalani waya yahimuttwela nsina na “ Mphula – ohiyu”,eyo piiyo “ namaphula ohiyu”, “ ola ori tatupha itthaya noohiyu ” wala “ mphula ohiyu”, nsina nikupalenlya awe ni khirukunuwa ni khiyitthaneliwa neeno okhuma okathi yoole mpankha va[14]. Makhalelo a Maphattuwelo ahu, vaniiraneya eu ole omunyakela makhata mohooleli a nikoto, obitthaneliwa nsina na mwene ole okwiye omuranttela awe[15]. 

Mwaha wivaavo, okhuma mwene yoole, oteene ale amuranttenle munyukhu ole aavira anithaniwa ni nsina nne

na “Mphula ohiyu”, pooti ahivaraka muteko ole a mwene akhalayi anvuwihaka yoowo, ohiiwaka Naima neephatthu na khuta mutthu waalesa. 

Ola kahoyo mukhalelo Wala mwaha wa olomwenku mukina. Ruivo khiniranttenle Naima menino variyari wa mwene  Orooma wa khalayi ni mamweni o Wixiitu wakhalayi?

Mamweni o Orooma yaarise “cesar”, vohitakahereya Masina aya ntoko Tiberio, Julio wala Augusto; ni mahano a w exiitu yaweryasiwe 

ni ”Farayo”, si akhale awosa Menés, Ramsés wala Amanófis[16]...

Mavuwelo a Nsina na  ”EMPHULO OHIYU”

WA nsina n“EMphulo ohiyu” okhala noraka, ni okhathi oviraka siisaale , nahivukuliwa “Mphula”, eyo piiyo“ Namatthala”, khihwa ota nuulimo nne na “ohiyu”. Mtaava na eEmkhuwa, eu nirpmole ni ntthitthimiho nsina nomuhooleli amawaani onincereriwa mwithanelo “Munu”, wala Ana, vataphulele ntthitthimihontoko “DOM” Wala nttaava na ekunya oriwa waaya “Senhor”. No Iwehe vowakuveya, ithonyeryo xexe a Masina antharelana: Khavala→ Khavala-Mnunu, A-Khavala, Ya-Khavala, Ana-Khavala; Kharowa→Kharowa-Munu, A-Kharowa, Ya-Kharowa, Ana- Kharowa; Mkhuna→ Mukhuna-Munu, A-Mukhuna, Ya- Mukhuna, Ana-Mukhuna; Mphula→Mphula-Munu, A-Mphula, Ya-Mphula, Ana-Mphula[17]. Nookwa Mphula, yanihoolela munyukhu ole, Ikina na lkwaaya, anamanyakela Makhata ovirikana,ni , omwene EMphula ohoorwa voottharelana, va nsina na mwaneene, Theerela, yahophiya akunya, vekekya iberne ikathi veraaya erumeeliwaka mwitthaneno a ’’Ana-Mphula’’. Yiiwaka vohilokasa siisaale mwitthaneno nne nohokada ahisuwelaka wi “Ana’’ yaari ntti tthimiho, ni yiirelaka ekettelo yootepexa wakweyerya, mapeittikisi yahilepapa vokweyeexa noolumo naariwe “Nampula’’ siiso kahukhala,mpakha mahiku oleelo va… Ntoko vissiiso vahiraneya, ni ntoko nthonyeryorro, ni masina a Khavala, Ana-Khavala khukhala ; Kharowa, Ana-Kharowa okhumeenle Nacarowa; Mukhuna, wa Ana-Mukhuna oruhale Namecuna; etc.,etc.,e etc[18].


Epooma ya Wamphula

Ntoko vawehasye anyu, mpankha va kilavule paahi maphattuwelo ni mavuwelo a Nsina na é aqui falei apenas da origem e evulucao do nome ‘’Mphula ohiyu’’, yoowo mwaha WA ikathi Ovirehe ser voophiya wa Nsina na Wamphula. Mupuwelo nmosa Okiranenle[19]. Nítida va wi nilavule mwaha wa ‘’Miyuupuwelelo sa wamphula’’ kahoyo ekeekhayi naari?.. Vano, nilavule vakhaani mwaha wa eppoma, nipwanyaneyaa ahu,Eppoma ya Wamphula[20]. Epooma ela yaari ekapitaali ya Muttetthe a Etistiriitusta uma Omosampiikhi, vaninaanoni vá enithaniwa Epuruvinsiya ya Wamphula, nihiku niri 1 mweeri opacerya eyaakha 1935. Okathyeene yoowo, Mosampiikhi waari ekolooniya, yokawanyeya mipantte miraru: Epuruvinsiya ya oniyassa, Eriyari aya yaari waphula ; mittetthe a Epuruvinsiya ya Omanika ni osofala, eriyari aya yaari opeera; ni Muttetthe a epuruvinsiya ta othi wa elapo okhuma oSaave, ekapitaali yaari Lourenco Marques, yanirela mipantte tho a ekapitaali ya Omosampiikhi[21]. Ckhuta Muttetthe waari okawanyeya ni itistiriitu, ni iya, sahikhalana iskuskirisawu, ikonselyu,ipoosto, irekulaato ni irexetoriya ni ipovowatu.muthana thanari,ela ti wi Eyaakha ya 1951, ekolooniya ya Omosampiikhi yahitatuxiwa kahukhala Muttetthe a Epuruvinsiya yavikana iphareya yaoportukaale, nimakawanyereyo yaawo nithonheryahuosulu wa muthaka ola[22]. Mittetthe a Wamphula ahithokihiwa ni eportariya nru1516, ya 22 mweeri a neethanu a eyaakha ya 1922, ni khivenxerowa munyukho a Epooma ni eportariya nru 11600, a Mahoku yeettaka 22 mweeri anetha nneraru eyaakha ya 1956[23]. 

Manxoore Neutel de Abreu ole orina estatuwa awe vamosaru ni emusewu Yatoropa, ahipatthuxa epoosto Yatoropa ya Wamphula mahiku yeettaka  7 mweeri anapiolibeyaakha ya 1907[24].


MAHOHO NI MIRAAKHO SAWE Masi Neutel de Abreu Aari ti pani?... Aari kamatanti atoropa, anyereriwe wi waapele ni okamele mittetthe a ettwayw ya ora wa elapo yomosampiikhi nno. Ahithipela empa awe Osiriri, weewo yaryaaya ekwaritelo Yatoropa yithanuwa São José, yakwehery atoropa ancerne a weewo, no ,awanaka napupulasawu a muhina, ntoko Anamaralo Amuhikati ni ale a mittetthe da Omuhikwari, Okhinka, Olyuupu, Omukovola ni OKhurani, yakhuma anitekela, ntokho niwehaa ahu, Maputo yaale olelovari tekganle eppoma uma Wampula esseti yakhalawi yamakhuwani[25]. Apopulasawu a ithaya nota Neutel de Abreu camisa ni “Mahoho”, Nsina natweliwe awe mwaha a malavulelo awe aokumiherya ser mais mphulani Voohiya mwaano

Iyei oxintte vokweyeexa apopulasawu oyariwa mittetthe sene seyo, voowahiyatho akapwitthi, yarumeeliwa nanakhotto aya Neutel de Abreu wala Mahoho, anitwawelela tho miraakho sawe Wala iruku wiikina, yirelaka ohisuwela wathu ale ni aniwoopopihasa[26].

Mwene Mphula khaxintthiwe mukhuttoni mme, masi, ni mukhupaarelo ni ohisuwanyeya, ni mukhaliheryo a Mukeepere – Munu, muneene a mittetthe sa Okhurane, esseti ta mittetthe amantari awe ahatakariwa ni khukameliwa mana oui khakha le, mittetthe sa Wana kharamaca. 

Khata ikathi epooma ta Wamphula  yunuwaka a sisaale, saniphattuwa, iPhoto ni ipikata, Ixikola, ni Maputo makinaku  anamunceene, othawaliha ni ephattu.[27]).


UniLuuriyu

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Universitaate ahu erina Masina Luuriyu, nsina na muro ovaha mukano ni epoosto ta Omulumpu, Muttetthe a estistiriitu tá Omekanyelw epuruvonsiya ya Oniyasa,Osampesiya, Okaapu Telekaato ni Wamphula[28]. Muro ola omphatthuwa waatamela ni nratta xiruwa, epoosto ta Omulumpu, Omekanyelw, Oniyasa, ota wa mwaako Malema, (weewo akunya alepwe aya mwaako Malema)[29]. Naima nawe, variyari vaathu ankhala muxerexereni mes muro ola ti Luuli, okhuma okhua omaphatthuwelono mpankha iwe onitthela awe maasi, Ophareya Intiku. Okhalana miro sinivahererya maasi aya 

Ntoko miro sinitharelana: Mwanta, Lileyo, Malema, Naalume ni lalawaa[30].

“ Luuli ti nsina na mwaatiya, yoowo ikathi wa, mme muita muro ole, walovola ipottha orohaka Ophareya, weewo oye sakuxiwa aya irohiwaka ikapi silini Sá molumwenkuni, ontoko kiwalya ale ehimwaka, ninaano va nkinuupuwela ti pani ohimwe, mana kahoyo wi khuta ikathi nipwavela ahu nimupuwela seiyo[31].

Ereferensiya

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[http://jorgejairoce.blogspot.com/2012/09/memorias-de-nampula-por-alberto-viegas.html?m=1 1]

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