Francesco di Giovanni Botticini (1446 – 16 yennayer 1498), da as-iqqar umata Francesco Botticini, ikka-t-inn iga yan umekla awṭalyan azayku n Tleslalit. Ilul-d g Flurinsa iqqama-nn, da dig-s ikellu ar tamettant-nnes aseggʷas n 1498. Izzri ussan-nnes n ulemmud ammas n istudyuten n Neri di Becci, Cosimo Rosselli d Andrea del Verrocchio. Issersel dinna tastudyut-nnes iẓlin is-s ammas n Flurinsa ḍart yat tizi g ikka da iswurri amm umawas n Neri di Bicci's. Ɣas yat tkemmʷict n twuriwin ayd ser-s ittuɣulen s wusrid ayed izrin, maca ufan imussnnawen n umezruy g yiseggʷasen-ad gguranin mennawt twuriwin-yaḍnin ser-s ittamunen s tenẓi. Seg mayd ittusmutter record-nnes ummid n twuriwin-nnes, yaɣul da ittawḥasb amm yan seg yimeqqranen n tẓuri n Tleslalit s bahra ttraran taɣʷḍeft.
Seg twuriwin n Botticini akkʷ ttwassnen ɣur-s; zun d Tabernacle n Sacrament, Assumption n Tamgudt d Madonna akked Urba g Glory akked Maryam Tagʷrramt Tawmejdaliyt d Bernard Agʷrram.
Tudert-nnes
editIlul-d Francesco Botticini aseggʷas n 1446 g Flurinsa, meqqar d nit ur wala ittwassen kra n usakud nna ineɣden. Baba-s, Giovanni di Domenico di Piero, ikka-t-inn awed netta iga amekla. S wafulki n widda d imyassan d ccenɛet-nnes nna iṭṭaf ammas n umaḍal n tẓuri akud-ann, yufa Francesco ad iswurri ɣur Neri di Bicci amm umawas-nnes. Ibda g ustudyu-nnes nna ijujjgen ass n 22 yulyu 1459 ddaw yat temɣunt (contrat) n yan useggʷas n usluɣmu, ar as-ittawes dig-s. Ikka-tt-inn ɣur-s 13 useggʷas tizi-nna. S tmentilt n tegrumma n yinaẓuren ɣur tekka yat tmefkiyt taxatart ammas n ustudyu-nna, yufa ufeddam n Botticini ad yili yan exposure ilan atig.
Meqqar tekka ɣur-s temɣunt n yan useggʷas, ifel Francesco tastudyut n Bicci g yulyuz 1460 ḍart tẓa n wayyuren n usluɣmu ur id uggar. "Da ssefrun imassanen tasimant-nnes tazaykut s usemmentel-nnsen i tezrirt n carrière n bba-nnes g teklut d awed assaɣ-nnes akked yinaẓuren-yaḍnin". Nnan mas lliɣ d-iffuɣ astudyu-nna n Bricci, izzri g tin Andrea del Verrocchio yan imikk, s tmuni n mennaw g waraw n uzmez-nnes, seg-sen Leonardo da Vinci, Lorenzo di Credi, Domenico Ghirlandaio, d Pietro Perugino. Is helli, ur illi kra n wanẓa ittuzemmamen aha immalen mas d nit iswurri g ustudyu n Verrocchio. Ittyafa yan wanẓa nna igan usrid ɣef wassaɣ-nnsen azemz-nna g tiwizi n Francesco akked Verrocchio g yitsent twuriwin, d tezrirt n tmamekt-nnes nna ikkan ɣef tfelwin n Francesco. Irwas is d-tekka tmentilt n uyad kra n umḥizwer akked yinaẓuren imafkayen-yaḍnin ammas n ustudyu, irẓem d Botticini aseggʷas n 1469 tastudyut-nnes iẓlin is-s, zun d imek nna d issneɣmes g yan warra n "arbitration" nna mi ittuɣul usakud s aseggʷas nna igan yan. Idum wassaɣ-nnes n twuri akked Verrocchio ar 1475 s mayd idrusen.
Tiwuriwin-nnes
editAgiṭun n Sacrament
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Tettufka Agiṭun n Sacrament (Tabernacle n Sacrament) amm yat l'altarpiece (tafelwit nna ittilin g yisɣersen) i useɣres unnig n yat teglizt ammas n Empoli, Ṭṭalyan. Ad teqqim tad, tga yat seg twuriwin n Botticini akkʷ s tetturruy taɣʷḍeft. Ittugna Andrew Agʷrram, nna igan agʷrram abaṭrun n teglizt g wussan-nna, ɣef uzelmaḍ n usibiryum (Ciborium). Ɣef ufasi-nnes, taddart n Eucharist; tella yat tfelwit n John Agʷrram Amseddam. Ddaw snat tugniwin-ad tireslalint, llant kraḍt tfelwin timeẓyanen g predella (tadabut nna ɣef da srusen id altarpiece). Ɣef uzelmaḍ, ittugna "Martyrdom" n Andrew Agʷrram ddaw-as s wusrid. Da ittyafa Imensi Aneggaru g tuẓẓumt akked Martyrdom n ugʷrram John Amseddam g "compartment" ɣef ufasi; ddaw tfeliwt tameqqrant n John Amseddam.
Ittuɣtes yad lli ad temmed "altarpiece" ass n 15 ɣuct 1486, is helli ur tt-inn-gin ammas n teglizt ar 1491. Ur semden tawuri-nnes ar 1504 allig tkellef taglizt memmi-s n Francesco Botticini, Raffaello, ad as-ikemmel tawuri-nnes s umsasa akked temɣunt taneṣliyt.
Turda n Temgudt akked Igʷrramen d Umyellel Aneglusan
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Tga Turda n Temgudt (Assumption of the Virgin) tawuri n Francesco akkʷ ittawssnen ɣur-s. Kkan-t-inn g tizwiri da ttraran tajmilt n usnulfu-nnes i Sandro Botticelli ɣef uyenna ibder Vasari g warra-nnes "Tudert n Inaẓuren", maca ssenẓan imussnawen n umezruy n tẓuri ḍart wakud-nna mas d tawuri n Botticini ayenna. Iddem Botticini g teklut-nnes zikk n 1475, ismed-tt g 1477 ḍart sin yiseggasen. Tɣey tfelwit ad tettayafa ass-a g Usefser Anamaur, London.