ᨩᩣ᩠ᩅᨤᩦᩁ᩺ᨠᩦ᩠ᩈ ᨩᩣ᩠ᩅᨤᩦᩁ᩺ᨠᩦ᩠ᩈ (Kyrgyz Kyrghyz ᨣᩤᩅ᩵ᩤ Kirghiz) ᨸᩮ᩠ᨶᨤᩫ᩠ᨶᨩᩣᨲᩥᨻᨶ᩠ᨵᩩ᩺ᨴᩮᩬᩥᩁ᩠ᨠ᩺ᩉ᩠ᨾᩪ᩵ᨶᩧ᩠᩵ᨦ ᨸᩮ᩠ᨶᨤᩫ᩠ᨶᨻᩨ᩠᩶ᨶᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦᨡᩬᨦᩋᩮᨩ᩠ᨿᩮᨠᩖᩣ᩠ᨦ ᩈ᩠ᩅ᩵ᩁᩉ᩠ᨿᩱ᩵ᩀᩪ᩵ᨶᩱᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦᨤᩦᩁ᩺ᨠᩦ᩠ᩈᩈ᩠ᨳ᩻ᩣ᩠ᨶ᪩
ᨶᩥᩁᩩᨠ᩠ᨲᩥᩆᩣᩈ᩠ᨲᩕ᩺ edit
ᨾᩦᩉᩖᩣ᩠ᨿᨴᩂᩇ᩠ᨭᩦᨠ᩠ᨿ᩵ᩅᨠᩢ᩠ᨷᨴᩦ᩵ᨾᩣᨡᩬᨦᨠᩣ᩠ᩁᨩᩱ᩶ᨣᩤᩴᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨤᩦᩁ᩺ᨠᩦ᩠ᩈ" ᨸᩮ᩠ᨶᨩᩨ᩵ᨩᩣᨲᩥᨻᨶ᩠ᨵᩩᨶᩣ᩠ᨾ ᩑᨠᩈᩣ᩠ᩁᩉᩖᩣ᩠ᨿᨨ᩠ᨷᩢᨷᨡ᩠ᨿᩁᩅ᩵ᩤ ᨣᩤᩴᨶᩦ᩶ᨠᩮᩥ᩠ᨯᨲᩯ᩵ᨣᩤᩴᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨠᩦᩁ᩠ᨠ" (kyrk) ᩋᩢ᩠ᨶᨶᩱᨣᩤᩴᨴᩮᩬᩥᩁ᩠ᨠ᩺ᨲ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨦ᩻ ᨸᩖᩯᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᩈᩦ᩵ᩈᩥ᩠ᨷ" ᩈ᩠ᩅ᩵ᩁ -ᩋᩦ᩠ᩈ (-iz) ᨸᩮ᩠ᨶ ᨣᩤᩴᨸᨧ᩠ᨧᨿᨷ᩠ᩅᩫᩁᩣ᩠ᨱᨴᩦ᩵ᩈ᩠ᨯᩯᨦᨻᩉᩪᨻᩫᨧ᩠ᨶ᩺᪩ ᨯᩢ᩠᩵ᨦᨶᩢ᩠᩶ᨶ "ᨠᩦᩁ᩠ᨠ᩺-ᩋᩦ᩠ᩈ" ᨣᩤᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨠᩦᩁ᩺ᨠᩦ᩠ᩈ" (Kyrgyz) ᨾᩦᨤ᩠ᩅᩣ᩠ᨾᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ᩠ᨿᨴ᩠ᩅ᩠ᨿᨲ᩠ᩅᩫᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᩉ᩠ᨾᩪ᩵ᨩᩮᩬᩥ᩶ᩋᨣᩕᩮᩬᩥᩋ (ᨩᩫ᩠ᨶᨹᩮᩢ᩵ᩣ) ᨴᩧ᩠ᨦ 40"[1] ᨲᩯ᩵ᩋᩣ᩠ᨧᨾᩦᨤ᩠ᩅᩣ᩠ᨾᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ᩠ᨿᩋᩨ᩠᩵ᨶᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨷ᩠ᨾᩦᩅᩢ᩠ᨶᨲᩣ᩠ᨿ" "ᩋᨾᨲ" ᨣᩤᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨷᩕᩣ᩠ᨷᨷᩴ᩵ᨯᩱ᩶"᪩ ᨶᩬᨠᩉ᩠ᨶᩮᩬᩥᩋᨶᩦ᩶ ᨿᩢ᩠ᨦᨾᩦᨣᩤᩴᨠ᩠ᨿ᩵ᩅᨡᩬ᩶ᨦᨠᩢ᩠ᨷᩅᩦᩁᨷᩩᩁᩩᩇᨶᩱᨾᩉᩣᨠᩣᨻ᩠ᨿ᩺ᨩᩨ᩵ ᨾᨶᩢ᩠ᩈ ᩋᩢ᩠ᨶᨴ᩠ᩅ᩠ᨿᨤ᩵ᩣ᩠ᩅᨷᩁ᩠ᨾᨷᩁᩣᨠ᩠ᨿ᩵ᩅᨠᩢ᩠ᨷᨣᩮᩢ᩶ᩤᨠᩣᩴ᩵ᨶᩮᩥ᩠ᨯ ᨾᨶᩢ᩠ᩈᨸᩮ᩠ᨶᨹᩪ᩶ᨸᩯ᩠ᨦᩑᨠᨽᩣ᩠ᨻᩉᩨ᩶ᨠᩢ᩠ᨷᨴᩧ᩠ᨦ 40 ᨣᩕᩮᩬᩥᩋᨻᩮᩬᩥ᩵ᩋᨲᩬᩴ᩵ᨲ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨶᨩᩣ᩠ᩅᨤᩦᨴᩢ᩠ᨶ᪩ ᨲᩯ᩵ᨤ᩵ᩣ᩠ᩅᨷᩁ᩠ᨾᨷᩁᩣᨣᩪ᩵ᨡᩯ᩠᩵ᨦᨲᩯ᩠᩶ᨾᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ᩠ᨿ (ᨷᩢ᩠ᨶᨴᩧ᩠ᨠ) ᨾᩮᩬᩥ᩵ᩋ ᨤ.ᩆ. 1370 ᨶᩱᩑᨠᩈᩣ᩠ᩁᨴᩤ᩠ᨦᨻᩨ᩠ᨶ (ᨷᩅᨲ᩠ᨲᩥᩆᩣᩈ᩠ᨲᩕ᩺) ᨡᩬᨦᩁᩣᨩᩅᩫᨦ᩠ᩆ᩺ᩉ᩠ᨾᩥᨦᨩᩨ᩵ ᩉ᩠ᨿ᩠ᩅᩁᩈᩨ᩵ (元史) ᨣᩤᩅ᩵ᩤ ᨻᩨ᩠ᨶᩉ᩠ᨿ᩠ᩅᩁ ᨪ᩶ᩣᩴᨯᩱ᩶ᩃᩮᩢ᩵ᩣᨳᩮᩥ᩠ᨦᨾᩯ᩵ᨿᩥ᩠ᨦ 40 ᨤᩫ᩠ᨶᨴᩦ᩵ᨾᩦᨴᩫ᩠᩵ᨦᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣᨠ᩠ᩅ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨦᩉᩖ᩠ᩅᨦᨸᩮ᩠ᨶᨾᩣᨲᩩᨽᩪᨾᩥ[2]᪩
.jpg)
ᨠᩣ᩠ᩁᨲᩯ᩠᩶ᨾᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ᩠ᨿ (ᨷᩢ᩠ᨶᨴᩧ᩠ᨠ) ᨴᩦ᩵ᨠᩮᩢ᩵ᩣᨠᩯ᩵ᩉ᩠ᩃᩮᩬᩥᩋᨻᩮᩥ᩠᩵ᨶᨡᩬᨦᨩᩨ᩵ᨩᩣᨲᩥᨻᨶ᩠ᨵᩩ᩺ᨤᩦᩁ᩺ᨠᩦ᩠ᩈᨷᩕᩣᨠᩫ᩠ᨭᩀᩪ᩵ᨶᩱᨠᩣ᩠ᩁᨳᩬᨯᩈ᩠ᨿᨦᨶᩱᩑᨠᩈᩣ᩠ᩁᨧᩦ᩠ᨶᨷ᩠ᩅᩫᩁᩣ᩠ᨱ ᨾᩦ "ᨠᩮᩬᩥᨤᩩᩁ" (鬲昆, ᨣᩤᩴᨧᩦ᩠ᨶᨠᩮᩢ᩵ᩣ: *k.reg-ku:n, ᨠᩕᩮ᩠ᨠᨣᩪᩁ) ᩓ "ᨩ᩠ᨿᩁᨤᩩᩁ" (堅昆, ᨧᩦ᩠ᨶᨠᩮᩢ᩵ᩣ: *ki:n-ku:n, ᨣᩦ᩠ᨶᨣᩪᩁ) ᨴᩧ᩠ᨦᩈᩬᨦᨶᩦ᩶ᨩᩦ᩶ᩉᩨ᩶ᩉᩢ᩠ᨶᩅ᩵ᩤ ᨩᩨ᩵ᨩᩣᨲᩥᨻᨶ᩠ᨵ᩺ᨠᩮᩢ᩵ᩣᨸᩮ᩠ᨶ "ᨠᩥᩁᨣᩩᩁ" ᩓ/ᨣᩤᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨠᩥᩁᨠ᩠ᩅᩥᩁ" (*kirkur ~ kirgur ᩓ/ᨣᩤᩅ᩵ᩤ *kirkün) ᩋᩢ᩠ᨶᩋᩣ᩠ᨧᨾᩦᨤ᩠ᩅᩣ᩠ᨾᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ᩠ᨿᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨩᩣ᩠ᩅᨴᩫ᩠᩵ᨦᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣ" ᨣᩤᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨩᩣ᩠ᩅᩉᩩᩁᩉ᩠ᨶᩮᩬᩥᩋᨴᩫ᩠᩵ᨦᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣ" (渾)[3]᪩ ᨠᩣ᩠ᩁᨳᩬᨯᩈ᩠ᨿᨦᩉᩯ᩠ᨾᨷᩯ᩠ᨷᨶᩧ᩠᩵ᨦᨾᩦ "ᨧ᩠ᨿᩮᨠᩪ᩵" (結骨, ᨣᩤᩴᨧᩦ᩠ᨶᨿᩩᨣᨠᩖᩣ᩠ᨦ: *kέt-kwət, ᨠᩯ᩠ᨯᨠ᩠ᩅᩮᩥ᩠ᨯ) ᩋᩢ᩠ᨶᩉ᩠ᨶᩯ (ᩈ᩠ᨯᩯᨦ) ᩉᩨ᩶ᩉᩢ᩠ᨶᩅ᩵ᩤᩈ᩠ᨿᨦᨠᩮᩢ᩵ᩣᨸᩮ᩠ᨶ "ᨠᩥᩁᨠᩩᨲ" (*kirkut / kirgut) ᨲᩯ᩵ᨻᩬᩴᨹᩯ᩠ᩅᩈᨾᩱ᩠ᨿᨧᨠᩕᩅᨲ᩠ᨲᩥᨾᩬᨦᨣᩰᩫ᩠ᩃ ᨤ᩠ᩅᩣ᩠ᨾᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ᩠ᨿᨡᩬᨦᨣᩤᩴᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᨠᩥᩁᨣᩩᩁ" (*kirkun) ᨣᩴ᩵ᨯᩰᩫ᩠ᨶᩃᩨ᩠ᨾᨻᩱ ᩋᩢ᩠ᨶᩉᩢ᩠ᨶᨯᩱ᩶ᨴᩦ᩵ᨣᩤᩴᨲᩯ᩠ᨠᨲ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨦᨶᩱᨠᩣ᩠ᩁᩋ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨶᨣᩤᩴᨶᩦ᩶ᨶᩱᨨ᩠ᨷᩢᨷᩉ᩠ᨿᩬᩴ᩶ᨲ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨦ᩻ ᨡᩬᨦ ᨻᩨ᩠ᨶᩉ᩠ᨿ᩠ᩅᩁ᪩ ᨶᩬᨠᩉ᩠ᨶᩮᩬᩥᩋᨶᩦ᩶ ᨶᩢ᩠ᨠᩅᩥᨩᩣᨠᩣ᩠ᩁᨩᩣ᩠ᩅᨧᩦ᩠ᨶᨻᩣ᩠ᨿᩃᩩᩁᨯᩱ᩶ᨳᩬᨯᩈ᩠ᨿᨦᨩᩨ᩵ᨩᩣᨲᩥᨻᨶ᩠ᨵᩩ᩺ᨤᩦᩁ᩺ᨠᩦ᩠ᩈᨲ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨦᨠᩢ᩠ᨶ ᨾᩦ "ᩉᩮᩬᩥᨠᩪ᩵" (紇骨) "ᩉᩮᩬᩥᨠᩪ᩵ᨪᩨ" (紇扢斯) ᩓ "ᨩ᩠ᩅᩦᩋᩪ᩶" (居勿)᪩ ᨻᩣ᩠ᨿᩃᩩᩁ ᨶᩱᩈᨾᩱ᩠ᨿᨧᨠᩕᨻᨲ᩠ᨲᩥᨳᩢ᩠ᨦᩋᩪ᩵ᨩᩫ᩠ᨦᩉᩯ᩠᩵ᨦᩁᩣᨩᩅᩫᨦ᩠ᩆ᩺ᨳᩢ᩠ᨦ ᨣᩤᩴᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᩈ᩠ᨿᩮᨧ᩠ᨿᩮᨪᩨ" ᨣᩤᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᩈ᩠ᨿᩣᨧ᩠ᨿᩣᨪᩨ" (黠戛斯) ᨯᩱ᩶ᨠᩖᩣ᩠ᨿᨸᩮ᩠ᨶᨣᩤᩴᩁᩬ᩶ᨦᨩᩣ᩠ᩅᨤᩦᩁ᩺ᨠᩦ᩠ᩈ ᨯᩰᩫ᩠ᨿᨩᩮᩬᩥ᩵ᩋᨠᩢ᩠ᨶᩅ᩵ᩤᨣᩤᩴᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᩈ᩠ᨿᩮᨧ᩠ᨿᩮᨪᩨ" ᨸᩖᩯᩅ᩵ᩤ "ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫᩉᩖᩮᩬᩥᨦᩓᩉ᩠ᨶ᩶ᩣᨯᩯ᩠ᨦ"[4]᪩
ᩋ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨦᩋᩥ᩠ᨦ edit
- ↑ Pulleyblank 1990, p.108.
- ↑ Zuev, Yu.A., Horse Tamgas from Vassal Princedoms (Translation of Chinese composition "Tanghuyao" of 8–10th centuries), Kazakh SSR Academy of Sciences, Alma-Ata, 1960, p. 103 Template:In lang
- ↑ Zuev Yu.A., Horse Tamgas from Vassal Princedoms (translation of 8-10th century Chinese Tanghuiyao), Kazakh SSR Academy of Sciences, Alma-Ata, 1960, p. 103 (in Russian)
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedlung