Beer culture in Belgium, b wilgame tɩ b sã n dat tɩ b bãng bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b maand b sẽn tõe fãa n yũud rãamã, b segd n bao n bãnga b sẽn segd n yũud rãamã to-to. B wilgame t'a tara yõod wʋsg ne nin-buiidã yʋʋm 2016 soabã pʋgẽ, b sẽn wa n paas-a UNESCO sẽn boond tɩ " nin-buiidã vɩɩm la rog-n-migs sẽn pa tõe n bãng n bilg" wã.
| Subclass of | beer culture, culture of Belgium, cuisine of Belgium  |
|---|---|
| Facet of | Belgium |
| Country | Belgium |
| Country of origin | Belgium |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Inventaris Vlaanderen van het Immaterieel Cultureel Erfgoed, Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, Inventory of intangible cultural heritage in Brussels |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/01062, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/01062, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/01062, https://immaterieelerfgoed.be/nl/erfgoederen/Belgische-biercultuur, https://www.zythos.be/ |
Yɛl a taab
B sẽn maand b rã-yũudã to-to wã bee ne b sẽn maand-a to-to wã, b sẽn maand-a to-to wã, b sẽn tʋmd ne rã-yũudã, b sẽn tũnugd ne rã-bɩllã la bũmb a taab n maand-a wã, la b sẽn tar minim sẽn kaoosd yʋʋm kobs pʋsẽ, tɩ b zakã rãmb la b rã-yũudbã kõt-a. Woto kɩtame tɩ b yũud rãamã ne yʋy toor-toore. Baa ne Bɛlg beerã sẽn yaa koabg la pis-yopoe koabg la pis-yopoe wã sẽn yaa koabg la pis-yopoe wã sẽn yaa koabg la pis-yopoe wã, Bɛlg beerã sẽn yaa koabg la pis-yopoe wã yaa koabg la pis-yopoe wã sẽn yaa koabg la pis-yopoe wã.[1][2]
Yaa rã-yũudb a taab sẽn yaa kãsems la neb a yiib sẽn tʋmd dũniyã gill zugu: Inbev (sẽn da yaa Interbrew/Stella Artois) la Alken-Maes (Heineken sullã). Bõn-yũud wʋsg la b yiisd Bɛlzik tɩ b rɩk n kẽng tẽn-zẽmsẽ wã. Yʋʋmd 2016 soabã pʋgẽ, b yiisa litri milyõ a 2,06 sẽn yɩɩd litri 19,811,000 b sẽn yiisa yʋʋmd 2015 soabã pʋgẽ. Yʋʋmd 2016 soabã pʋgẽ, b yiisa litre 14 100 000 (1.41 million L)[3] dũniyã gill zugu, sẽn yɩɩd litre 13 025 000 b sẽn da yiisa yʋʋmd 2015 wã.[4] [5]Sẽn yaa lebend ne beerã sẽn tar pãng n paasdẽ wã, a yũubã Belg pʋgẽ wã boogame. Yʋʋmd 2016 soabã pʋgẽ, b sẽn yũud rãamã paoogame ne koabg la pis-tã la a tãabo, n yi litr 7 950 000 n kẽng litr 7 700 000. Bãngr-gomdã wilgame tɩ b sã n na n sõd ned fãa sẽn yũud rãamã, Bɛlziik yaa tẽng a 15 soabã.[4]
Bɛlg rãmba rɩta rãam wʋsg sẽn tar bãnd toor-toore. Burkĩna Faso, Burkĩna Faso, Burkĩna Faso, Burkĩna Faso, Burkĩna Faso, Burkĩna Faso, Burkĩna Faso, Burkĩna Faso, Burkĩna Faso.[6] Yʋʋmd 2016 soabã pʋgẽ, b rɩka rã-yũud sẽn ta litr milyõ 768.91 sẽn yaa rã-yũud 70 n tɩ ta litr 75 ned kam fãa zugu.
Bõn-yũudã yũub Belziks yaa lagem-n-taar yel-pakre, sẽn kẽed ne neb la zãma wã sʋka. Nebã kõtda b sãambã rãam b zagsẽ, wall b yũud rãam ne b zo-rãmbã rã-tɩkẽ bɩ restorantẽ. Daar fãa tʋʋmã wʋsg sɩngda ne rãam bɩ n baasd ne-a. Baa ne b sẽn pa le tar pub-rãmb wʋsg Belizi wã, tẽn-bõoneg fãa tara kafe a yembr sẽn be be. Yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 20 soabã sɩngrẽ, Bɛlzik ra tara rã-yũudb sẽn yɩɩd 3000 la kafe-rãmb sẽn yɩɩd 200 000 - kafe-rãmb a yembr roog a nu fãa pʋgẽ.[7] Kafe-rãmb, bistrõ-rãmb, tavern-rãmb la kafe-rãmb sõor boogame. Yʋʋmd 2005 baasgẽ, Bɛlzik (neb sẽn ta milyaar 10, km2 30000) ra tara kafe-rãmb sẽn ta 19 300 (1998 wã, b ra yaa 25 500). Sã n yaa ne vaeesg sẽn maan yʋʋmd 2016, Bɛlziik tara hotel rãmb 57,500, restoran dãmb la kafe rãmb sẽn yɩɩd 80,000, tɩ bãmb bãmb 37,500 wã yaa restoran dãmba.[8]
Bãngr-gomdã pʋgẽ, b wilgame tɩ b sã n na n yãk ned t'a yũ rãamã, rẽ na n kɩtame t'a bãng a sẽn segd n maan to-to n da yũ rãamã. B sã n na n yãk rã-yũud sẽn pa waooge, b tõe n yãka rã-yũud sẽn pa waooge, la rã-yũud sẽn pa waooge. Zĩis kẽer b sẽn tõe n yũ rãamã sẽn yaa toor-toorã sõor yɩɩda 100, la b tõe n yũ rãamã sẽn yaa toor-toorã sẽn yɩɩd piig la a yiibu. Sẽn paase, kafe-rãmb n be n tõe n kõ neb a naas bɩ sẽn yɩɩd rẽ tɩ b yũ. Neb a naasã tõe n kosa rã-yũud a naas la b paam bõn-yũudl 16 tɩ b pʋɩ taaba, tɩ ned fãa tõe n yũ rã-yũud a yembr fãa koabg zugu. Sẽn le paasde, Bɛlzik tara bĩis-kãsems sẽn kõt bĩis buud toor-toor sẽn yit bĩis-kãsems wʋsg pʋsẽ. Zĩ-no-rɩtb wʋsg kõta rãam b rɩɩbã pʋgẽ, bɩ b tʋmd wa kafe la restorante.
Sẽn kẽed ne bĩis nins b sẽn boond tɩ "bières spécialités" sẽn be Bɛlg tẽnga pʋgẽ wã, yʋʋmd 1990 n tãag yʋʋmd 2013 wã, b yikame n yi 10% n ta 30%.[9] Bãrã buud toor-toor sõor yikame n yi 750 n ta 1600.
Tẽebã sẽn pa tõe n yã ne nifã
Flamand minisr a Joke Schauvliege paasame tɩ Bɛlg beerã yaa bũmb b sẽn boond tɩ Flamand Heritage Inventory.[10]
Yʋʋmd 2016 yʋʋm-vẽkr kiuug rasem 30 daare, b wilgame tɩ Bɛlg beerã yaa bũmb b sẽn paas UNESCO nin-tũudmã sẽn boond tɩ Patrimoine culturel immatériel wã pʋga.[11]
Beer Cultureã
B sẽn naan rãamã to-to la b minimã Bõn-yũudã yaa bũmb b sẽn nong n yũud daar fãa Bɛlzi. Hal tɩ ta yʋʋm 1960 wã, kambã ra tõe n dɩta teed bɩ kafe, bɩ rãam (b sẽn boond tɩ " rãam sẽn be taablẽ wã", sẽn yaa rã-vẽenem bɩ rã-bõoneg sẽn yaa rã-tɩgre).[12] Yʋʋmd 1980 soabã pʋgẽ, b ra ket n yãkda koom la rã-yũud n dɩt karen-bi-bɛdã rɩɩb zĩisẽ. Semen fãa, b maanda bĩir kibs tẽn-kãng babg a ye pʋgẽ, n wat ne neb tusa. Kibs kẽer tara yʋ-noog dũniyã gill zugu, tɩ kẽer yaool n yaa b sẽn maand b tẽn-gãongã bõn-yũudl balã.
Sẽn paase, b tara bĩis wʋsg sẽn be tẽngã gill zugu, sẽn na yɩl n wilg nebã b sẽn tõe n yũ rãamã to-to. B ned kam fãa wilgda bũmb sẽn yaa toor ne Bɛlg rã-yũudã.
B ned kam fãa wilgda bũmb sẽn yaa toor ne Bɛlg rã-yũudã, la b ned kam fãa rɩkda a meng manesem sẽn pa wõnd a taaba. Sã n yaa ne neb kẽer sẽn get koom-koglgã bɩ kʋdemdã yell bala, b fãa sẽn get koom-koglgã yell n yɩɩd yaa bũmb a ye la b sẽn tar n naagd taaba: yaa neb sẽn nong koom-koglgã n get b sẽn tõe n yũ koom-koglgã to-to wã. [13] Bõn-yũudã yaa bũmb sẽn tar yõod wʋsg Bɛlzik kʋdemdã la a nebã vɩɩm pʋgẽ. B sẽn nong beerã to-to wã kɩtame tɩ b gʋls-a b kʋdemd yɛl sɛbã pʋsẽ, la a kɩt tɩ b gomd a yelle, n ket n gomd-a rũndã-rũndã. Bãngr-gomd a yembr yetame t'a St. A Gambrinus, sẽn yaa 'rɩ-no-rɩ wã nin-sõngã' b sẽn yet t'a kɩtame tɩ b wa ne rã-no-rɩ wã, b mum-a-la Brussels sẽn be metr a wãn bal zãr ne Rɩ-no-rɩ wã roog sẽn be Grand Place wã.
St. A Gambrinus bɩ a Arnold sẽn yit Soissons
A St. Wõnda a Gambrinus ra yaa a Zã I, sẽn yaa Brabant naabã (v. 1252 ⁇ 1294), a Zã sẽn pa zoet rabeemã, Burgundi Duke (1371 ⁇ 1419) la b gʋls-a-la ne no-goamã ne Bavarian kʋdemd gʋlsd a Johannes Aventinus. A Victor Coremans sẽn gʋls a seb-bil ning sẽn gomd Gambrinus yellã yʋʋmd 1874 wã pʋgẽ, a wilgame tɩ b sẽn gomd Brabant la Flandre wã yell Gambrinus kɩbayã pʋgẽ wã wõnda yaa sẽn nan pa kaoos ye, la tɩ wõnda a Zã I wã sẽn be a yaoogẽ wã ne nin-yendã sẽn be kɩbay kẽer pʋsẽ wã sẽn wõnd to-to wã yaa bõn-kãsenga. Sẽn paase, yaa wa a Zã I ra boondame tɩ Jan Primus, la a Gambrinus ra tõe n yaa a Duke wã yʋʋr sẽn sãamde.[14][15][16]
A Arnold Bishop of Soisson (1040-1087) sẽn yaa Abbey a St. A Pɩyɛɛr bee Oudenburg. A Oudenburg pʋgẽ, saam-bi-pogsã ra maanda rãam sẽn yaa bõn-kãseng sẽn da tar yõod wʋsg yʋʋm kob-gĩndẽ wã. B yeelame t'a Arnold sagla tẽngã neb tɩ b yũ rãamã, n da pa yũ koom ye, a rãamã sẽn yaa 'vɩɩmã kũunã' yĩnga. A Arnold sagla tẽngã neb tɩ b ra yũ koom n yũ rãam ye, tɩ rẽ sõng n kogl neb wʋsgo.[17]
Kʋdemdã
Bãngr-gom-kãensã wilgdame tɩ b sẽn naan rã-yũudã dũni kãngã babgẽ wã sɩng n yaa hal daar zãra. B yãame tɩ b ra maanda bõn-yũudl sẽn deng Rom zamaanã zĩis nins sẽn tɩ loe ne Kɛlti rãmbã. Bãngr-gomd ning sẽn yet tɩ beer ra yaa pagbã tʋʋm la b sẽn da maandẽ wã, b wilgame tɩ b ra maanda rẽ hal tɩ ta gallo-roma wã wakat (3rd-4th century AD).[18] B yãame tɩ b ra maanda rã-yũud Rom tẽn-bõones sẽn be Ronchinne, Anthée, la Mette. Yʋʋm kob-gĩndẽ wã, b ra boond-a lame tɩ Gruut bɩ Gruit. Woto pukda rog-n-migs yʋy wala Gruuthuse, sẽn be Gruuthusemuseum sẽn be Bruges.
B ra paasda rãamã sõmblem n paasd-a. B wa n sɩngame n tũnugd ne ho-rɩk-rɩkã n paasdẽ, bala b mikame t'a gɩdgdame tɩ rãamã lebg rã-sãamse. Alemayn pag a Hildegarde von Bingen wilga sẽn yɩ to-to t'a ra tõe n dɩk koomã n tɩ rɩg yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 12 soabã pʋgẽ.[19] Neb a taab me rɩka soay toor-toore. Pajottenland soolmẽ wã, b ra maanda bĩis ne weoogo, la b ra maanda bĩis ne rã-bɩll sẽn yaa toor-toore, sẽn yaa bũmb sẽn maand Zenne kʋɩlgã babgẽ wã, tɩ kɩt tɩ b maan bĩis sẽn yaa wa lambic.
Wala Erop tẽns a taabã, b ra getame tɩ rãam yaa bũmb sẽn yaa sõma n yɩɩd koom. B yeelame tɩ wakat kãng tɩ b ra yũuda rãam n yɩɩd litr a ye la pʋɩ-sʋk daar fãa.
A Zozɛf II sẽn da yaa Rom Rom naabã naam sasa, la a Napoléon sẽn wa n dɩt naam n paase, b kɩtame tɩ b sãam abbey-rãmb wʋsg la kom-pugli wã sɛba, la b kɩt tɩ ko-bõonesã me menem. Masã, yaa Trapist rãmbã tũudum pʋgẽ bal la ned tõe n yã neb sẽn sɩd maand rãamã, tɩ bãmb a yoob be Bɛlzik. Sẽn yaa lebend ne abbey rãamã, Trappist rãamã bĩngda abbey wã pʋgẽ bala.
Ges-y me
- Beer in Belgium
- List of Belgian beers
- Veronus of Lembeek
- Gambrinus
Sebtiise
- ↑ http://www.belgiansmaak.com/belgian-beers/
- ↑ https://www.ricksteves.com/watch-read-listen/read/articles/belgian-beer-basics
- ↑ https://www.statista.com/statistics/446613/volume-beer-production-belgium/
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 https://brewersofeurope.org/uploads/mycms-files/documents/publications/2016/stats_2016_web.pdf
- ↑ http://deredactie.be/cm/vrtnieuws.english/Economy/1.2976488
- ↑ https://www.eupedia.com/belgium/belgian_beers.shtml
- ↑ https://belgium.beertourism.com/about-beer/culture
- ↑ http://www.guidea.be/artikel/a/148/Ondernemingen-in-de-horeca-maart-2018
- ↑ http://newsroom.roularta.be/static/18042013/20130418_Bizz_in_Trends.pdf
- ↑ https://www.flandersinvestmentandtrade.com/invest/en/news/seven-cultural-traditions-flanders-get-heritage-status
- ↑ http://www.unesco.org/new/en/brussels/about-this-office/single-view/news/unesco_has_listed_belgiums_beer_culture_among_the_intangibl/
- ↑ http://www.amazingbelgium.be/2016/08/till-70s-belgian-kids-got-to-drink-beer.html
- ↑ https://belgium.beertourism.com/about-beer/museums
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=yhw0AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA379
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=I0A9AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA001
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=p24Ktw6BDVoC&pg=PA81
- ↑ http://www.beerhistory.com/library/holdings/patron_saints.shtml
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=xeJMAgAAQBAJ&q=gallo-roman+era+women+brew+beer&pg=PA197
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20171110004916/https://www.pourhouse.net/beer-through-the-ages/