Bur yaa rɩɩb b sẽn maand ne bur (sẽn nong n yaa koodã) la koom, la b maand-a-la ne rɩɩbo. Pĩnd wẽndẽ n tãag rũndã, la dũniyã gill zugu, b ra rɩt-a-la sõma. A yaa rɩɩb ning ninsaal sẽn naanã sẽn yaa kʋdemdã a ye, bala a tara yõod wʋsg hal a sẽn wa n sɩng koaadbã, la a tara yõod wʋsg tũudum yel-maandɩ la tẽng-n-biis pʋsẽ.
| Subclass of | staple food, baked good, bánh  |
|---|---|
| Inception | 30000 years BCE |
| Native label | |
| Country of origin | |
| Date of first performance | |
| Made from material | water, flour, table salt |
| First appearance | |
| Location of creation | |
| Fabrication method | baking, cooking |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C178203 |
| Unicode character | 🍞 |
| Together with | Hausa koko |
Burã tõe n paama rãam ne mikrob-rãmb sẽn be tẽng zugẽ wã (wa burã sẽn yaa rã-bɩllã), la ne teed a taab (wa burã sẽn boond tɩ soda), la ne rã-bɩll b sẽn yiisd tʋʋm-noyẽ wã, la ne pemsem sẽn yaa sõma, sẽn kɩtd tɩ burã lebg rã-bɩll n lebg rã-bɩllã. Tẽns wʋsg pʋsẽ, b wae n ningda burã bũmb a taab sẽn na yɩl n paas a yũubã, a sẽn yaa to-to wã, a sẽn yaa to-to wã, a sẽn tõe n kaoos to-to wã, a sẽn tar nafa to-to wã, la a sẽn tõe n maan nana-nana wã.[1]
Kudemde edit
Bur yaa rɩɩb sẽn yaa pĩnd n segl n yɩɩd buud fãa. Yʋʋm 30 000 sẽn looge, "Europe" la "Australia" wã kasetã wilgame tɩ b ra tara karmã sẽn be kugẽ wã sẽn yaa b sẽn da pakd tɩɩsã zugu. Tõe tɩ wakat kãnga, b ra pʋgd karmã sẽn yit tɩɩsã yẽgẽ wã, wala "kẽmb" la b sẽn pʋgd b sẽn pʋsd b sẽn pʋsã zugu, n ningd bugum zug n ningd-a n lebg bur sẽn yaa bĩng sẽn yaa bũmbu.[2]
B yãa burã sẽn tar yʋʋm 14,500 n da be "Natufian site" sẽn be "Yordã tʋʋr-sɩg-rɩtgẽ wã".[3][4] Yʋʋmd 10 000 sẽn deng a Zezi rogmã, ne "Neolithic" wakat sẽn sɩng n sɩng n yalg ne koodã, koodã lebga burã sẽn maandã gãndga.[3]
B rɩka bur sẽn tar burã sẽn yɩd ne burã sẽn yaa burã n yaool n dɩt n yaool n dɩk burã n dɩt burã.
Sẽn na yɩl n paam burã, b ra tõe n dɩka burã n kõ-a rã-yũud wʋsgo. B ra tõe n dɩkda burã n yiisd-a, n bas tɩ b ningd bugum sẽn pa yɩ sõma n yaool n dig-a. A Piliin sẽn yaa Kãsemã wilgame tɩ Gal dãmba la Iberi nebã ra tũnugda ne burã sẽn yit bĩr pʋgẽ n yiis burã, tɩ b boond t'a barm wã, n naan burã sẽn yaa "lemd n yɩɩd neb a taabã" wala makre, burã sẽn boond tɩ barm.[4]
La b ra maanda wa b sẽn da nong n dɩt rãam n pa yũud bĩr ye. La b ra rɩt-b-la rãam sẽn yaa rãam la rãam sẽn tar rãam n kɩt tɩ b yũud rãam n yaool n yũud rã-yũud.
Gɛrk rãmbã, Rom dãmba la Ezipt nebã ra getame tɩ b sẽn maan burã n naan yɩ sõma wã yaa ned sẽn paam n bãng bũmb ninsã.[5]
Sebtiisi edit
- ↑ http://www.physorg.com/news/2010-10-prehistoric-ate-flatbread-years.html
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/22/indigenous-australians-know-were-the-oldest-living-culture-its-in-our-dreamtime
- ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-44846874
- ↑ Amaia Arranz-Otaegui, Lara Gonzalez Carretero, Monica N. Ramsey, Dorian Q. Fuller, and Tobias Richter: Archaeobotanical evidence reveals the origins of bread 14,400 years ago in northeastern Jordan. PNAS, 11 July 2018 (online Archived 19 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine)
- ↑ Arzani A.: Emmer (Triticum turgidum spp. dicoccum) flour and breads. In Preedy V.R., Watson R.R., Patel V.B. (Eds. 2011), Flour and Breads and their Fortification in Health and Disease Prevention, Academic Press, California, pp. 69-78.