Jingpo gaw Myen Mungdan, Kachin Mungdaw hta madung tsun shaga ai Sal ginwang na Tibeto-Burman ga rai nga ai; Sinpraw Dingda India; hte Miwa mung Yunnan mungdaw ni re. Kachin Hills hta shanu nga ai amyu bawsang law law pawnghpawm ai Jinghpaw (sh) Kachin amyu sha ni gaw, Jinghpaw ga hpe madung shaga ai ni rai nna,[3] tsun shaga ai masha jahpan gaw 625,000 daram rai nga ai.[4] "Jingpo ga hku" ngu ai ga si gaw, Jinghpaw ga (sh) Jinghpaw amyu sha ni tsun shaga ai kaga ga langai ngai hpe tsun mayu ai rai na re, Lisu, Lashi, Rawang, Zaiwa, Lhawo Vo, Achang zawn re ai ga ni hpe tsun mayu ai rai na re. Ndai ga ni gaw Tibeto-Burman dinghku a madang tsaw dik ai laklai ai daw ni kaw na rai nga ai.
| Jinghpaw | |
|---|---|
| Kachin | |
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| Ga shaga ai | tɕiŋ˧˩pʰɔʔ˧˩ |
| Buga ginra | Myen mung, Miwa mung, gala mung |
| Hkawng | Kachin Mungdaw, Yingjiang Ginwang |
| Amyu bawsang | Jingpo |
Buga ginra Ga shaga ai ni | (c. Script error: No such module "Math". Lakap laika 1999–2001)[1] |
| Ga shagawp |
|
| Latin laika | |
| Tara shang masa | |
Minority ga hku masat masa galaw ai lam | |
| Ga code ni | |
| ISO 639-2 | kac |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:kac – Jinghpawsgp – Singphotcl – Taman |
Ga hpaji ninghkring jahpan | |
| Glottol | jing1260[2] |
Jinghpaw hpe gram lajang da ai Latin laika hpe lang nna ka ai; a Myen laika hpe ga shaga ai nkau mi lang ai raitim, law malawng gaw dawm kau sai. Jinghpaw ga si hpang jahtum hta vowel, nasal, oral stop ni lawm mai ai.
India mungdan na Assam mung na Turung ni gaw, Jingpo ga hpe Assam ga hkoi la ai ga si law law lawm ai Jingpo ga hpe shaga ma ai, dai hpe Singpho ngu shamying ma ai, dai gaw Jinghpaw ga hte ga si 50% bung ai.[5]
Ga shagawp
editJingpoish (Kachinic) hpan yawm htum 16 nga ai (Kurabe 2014:59). Lawu na masha jahpan hte shara hte seng ai shiga ni hpe Kurabe (2014) kaw na shaw la ai re. Standard Jingpo hte Nkhum gaw kaja dik htum tsun dan ai amyu ni rai nna, India mungdan na Jingpoish amyu ni hpe gaw Stephen Morey kaw nna nau nna ai aten hta ka da ai. Dingdung Kachin Mungdaw kata na Jingpoish amyu ni hpe nau n tsun dan shi ai.
Dai Ethnologue hta Duleng (Dalaung, Dulong[6]), Dzili (Jili), Hkaku (Hka-Hku), Kauri (Gauri, Guari, Hkauri) ni hpe ka da ai. Ethnologue hta tsun da ai hte maren, Dzili gaw garan ai ga rai na re, Hkaku hte Kauri gaw loi mi sha shai ai.
Kaga n tsun shaleng da ai Jingpoish amyu ni hta Mungji hte Zawbung ni lawm ai.[7] Shanke ga gaw, Jingpo hte grai ni htep ai ga rai nna, dai ga shaga ai ni gaw Naga ngu nna tsun shaga ai raitim, nau nna ai aten hta tsun dan ai ga rai nga ai.[8]
| Jinghpaw laika[9] | |||||
| A ʔà |
Ă ʔa̰ |
E ʔɛ̰ |
Ē ʔɛ̀ |
È ʔɛ́ | |
| I ʔì |
O ʔɔ̀ |
U ʔù |
AI ʔàɪɴ |
AU ʔáʊɴ | |
| AW ʔɔ́ |
OI ʔʊ̀ɛ́ |
B ba̰ |
CHY t͡ɕa̰ |
D da̰ | |
| G ɡa̰ |
GY ɡa̰ja̰ |
H ha̰ |
J d͡ʑa̰ |
K ka̰ | |
| KY ka̰ja̰ |
HK kʰa̰ |
HKY kʰa̰ja̰ |
L la̰ |
M ma̰ | |
| N na̰ |
NG ŋa̰ |
NY ɲa̰ |
P pa̰ |
HP pʰa̰ | |
| HPY pʰa̰ja̰}} |
R ja̰ |
S sʰa̰ |
SH ʃa̰ |
T ta̰ | |
| TS sa̰ |
HT tʰa̰ |
W wa̰ |
Y ja̰ |
Z za̰ | |
Laika buk ni
edit- ↑ Template:Ethnologue18
Template:Ethnologue18
Template:Ethnologue18 - ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Jinghpaw". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ "ISO 639 Code: kac". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2007-12-10. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
- ↑ "Myanmar". Ethnologue: Languages of the World. 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-10-10.
- ↑ "Myanmar". Ethnologue: Languages of the World. 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-10-10.
- ↑ Not to be confused with "Dulong", the Mandarin transcription of Derung people. the Chinese transcription of Duleng is "杜连" Dulian
- ↑ Kurabe, Keita. "Kurabe Keita". Researchmap. Archived from the original on 2015-09-25.
Field research on the Mungji and Zawbung dialects of Jingpho in Burma
- ↑ Shintani, Tadahiko (2015). The Shanke Language. Linguistic Survey of Tay Cultural Area (LSTCA), No. 104. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
- ↑ [1]