Wp/elm/Osoroo Aj nyɛɛNɛɛ

Ebe 'A Nnw Jũ

Ewo achu àgbá rɛ̃ ɛnɛɛ nnwɛɛ abere mɔ̃ ajɔ ɔsã ɔnɛɛ ɔkpũrãrũ anɛɛ mbiɔ bãrã otóó rɛ̃ɛ chu esoi jimarũ ɔ'ɔ̃ oso ebo. Ogũrũ Ɔsã Ojirarũ Ebo ǹnɔ̀ɔ́ 'arirũ ɔsã owiri (ĩfluɛnsa) rĩi nna rɛ̃ kɛ ɔnanáa nyɛ be ejira ajɛ̃ wee bãrũ ogũrũ enɔ bãrã èkérè èkérè nna.(I) 'Arũ ntɔ̃ gwãrũ ntɔ̃ ɛvairus ɔsã owiri ǹnɔ̀ɔ́ rĩi nnaa chichibaa jumaa ɛvairus rĩi nnyɛ, re ke echãa 'arũ ɔnɛ gwãrũ ɔnɛ. Ewiiarĩba ɔsã nna gbɛ̀rɛ̀ kɔɔ mɛ ɛmasãrĩ 'arĩ oso ogũrũ nna. Osòróó ajɛ̃ nnyɛ (ɔtari be ewii nyɛ bee ɔlɔla ajɛ̃rũ) bee otoro'o be etĩɛ gba ɔbɔ nsi wee kũsɛ ojijasa ɔsã owiri rɛ̃ɛ tɛ̃mɛ̃ KOVID-19 nyɛrĩ. Emiini Ɔlɔla ajɛ̃rũ be enwɛɛ osoróó ajɛ̃ ɛka yo bãrã ǹnàrã́ nnyɛ rɛ̃ɛ ojũniai agbɔ ɔ'ɔ̃, njenje ɛkɔlarũ agbɔ ɔ'ɔ̃ anyɔɔ ekarabee nte ɛdɔ mpɛm mpɛm.(ii) Dɔkita Jeff Kwong bee ɛgbɛrɛ ɔnɛ ɔkpã mbiɛ rɛ̃ɛ a'ɔtɔ nyã ogũrũ enu rɛ̃ɛ bãrũ ɔkpẽnu rɛ̃ɛ 'a University eToronto, labi kɔɔ ɔlɔla ajɛ̃rũ abere jũma otoro'o enu rĩi nnyɛ ɛnaa wii naa e'ma ojiraa wii nnɔ reba na kɔɔ nnyɛ abibalarĩ.(iii) Oku rɛ̃ɛ naa 'ɔtɔ nyã enu rɛ̃ɛ bãrũ naa lamaa akpaara ɔbɔ kɔɔ ntɔ̃ ɔsã ojirarũ ɔ'ɔ̃rĩ sĩi ntɔ̃ ɛtɔ̃ɛ ekpã oku ekoo bãrã oku ɔmɔ̃narũ adɛ̃rĩ. Ebe enyãa enu rɛ̃ɛ ɔlɔla ajɛ̃rũ naa, re ka damaa be enyia nnɛ ɔ'ura bãrã ɔkukuu rɛ̃ɛ oku rɛ̃ɛ naa 'ɔtɔ nyã enu rɛ̃ɛ bãrũ ɔsã naa bere kpa. Ebo mpɛm mpɛm ɔ'ura, be onu obui bãrã ɔbɔ be enamaa nnyɛ ebe 'a 2019/2020 rɛ̃ɛ ɔsã eKovid-19 dala eboɔ. Re ka dala rũ ogũrũ onu obui re ke 'a eChina, ɔ'ɔ̃ rɛ̃ɛ ɔsã masã 'a wee re ka kpɛlɛɛ jɔnwɛ ebibɔɔ ɔsã eKovid-19 oso South Afrika. Ǹnɔ́ɔ̀ ka nɛɛi ekũ re e'era i'ɛɛrũ ɔbɔ bɛ ɔlɔla ajɛ̃rũ etĩtĩ wɛ gba-ɔbɔ-nsi bãrã e'ema ojijasa ɔsã eKovid-19. Oso okpenwɛ nsã ǹnɔ́ɔ̀ rɛ̃ɛ wa nyia be etĩɛ wee re kɔlarũ okpũrãrũ rɛ̃ ɛ'arũ ɔlɔla ajɛ̃rũ wee jimaa.

Mɔ̃ma Adɛ̃ Mbela Ɔsã Osi Ogoloma Nnyɛ Re Ejiráarũ Ɔ'ɔ̃/Ebo

Ɔsã re bela eKovid-19 jiraarũ ɔ'ɔ̃ oso ɔtaa Agiti.Oku rɛ̃ɛ naa 'ɔtɔ nyã enu rɛ̃ɛ bãrũ ɔkpáa ɔsã ɔ'arũ ɔnɛ bãrũ ɔnɛ wiirĩ ɔtaa ogbere re egarafɔ atoɛ ebo ɔkukũu-naa-akɔwa ɔsã ogoloma nnyɛ. Ɔkukũu-naa-akɔwa ɔsã ogoloma nnyɛ ǹnɔ́ɔ̀ toɛ otoro'o mbela onu obui ɔsã ɔ'arũ ɔnɛ bãrũ ɔnɛ bãrã ɔbɔ baa abere jirarũ ɔ'ɔ̃ 'a ntɔ̃ re kẽ edalaa.

Agiti Re Ele nãsã bee ɔkukũu naa akɔwa dalaa. Sɛe ree chu ojijasa ɔkukũu naa akɔwa ɔsã ogoloma nnyɛ eKovid-19 tɛ̃mɛ̃ ɛdomagũa, enu ka ĩiɔbɔrũ ɔdala ojijasa ɔsãa, nte edala ebo mpĩi mpĩi rɛ̃ɛ ajɔ nyɛ sa bɔbɔ.
Agiti Rɛ Ɔbɛrɛ Ɔkukũu naa akɔwa toɛ ɔsã ogoloma nnyɛ nte abere gwã “ajɛ̃ ɛta”.(v) Ǹnɔ be echiini ɔbãrũ nnyɛ rɛ̃ɛ abere chi m'i'a agbigbá oku rɛ̃ ɛdɔabarũ. Agbigbá ǹnɔ ajorɛ ɔbɔ esoi ajɔ nnyɛ rɛ̃ɛ naa kpãrã mɔ̃ kɔɔ ɔsãa siaba ɛdaamɔ ade, enaa wee be etĩɛ kpɛlɛɛ jɔɛnnwɛ a'ɔtɔ 'ai. Rɛ̃ ɛgbɛrɛ wee ajɔ ɔtɔriti akwiirĩ ɔchɛɛ oso ɛdaamɔ ɛgbɛrɛta rɛ̃ɛ abere gwã oso bãrã ejũa osi ebo ɔchɛɛ ekɛ̃, tɔ̃tɔ̃ bee International Health Regulations kɔɔ.(vi) International Health Regulations bee ogũrũ oloi re ke Worl Health Organization nwɛ rɛ̃ ɛbɛma ɔbɔ nsi, ebe ɛmɔ̃ɛ kɔɔ ana bere kpãrã wee sibi ɔbɔrũ ɔsã re ka karaa jijasa ajɛ̃ ogũrũ ɛtamaa. Ogũrũ enu ǹnɔ̀niɔ bere be mpioo nnyɛ rɛ̃ ɛnwɛɛ osòróó bãrã ɔlɔlajɛ̃rũ ajɛ̃ yabaarĩ (ebe dɔ ɛkɛ̃ɛ). Aba 'umarĩɛ (agbɛrɛ ɔkukũu) be ekɔwɛ onu obui m'i'a ɔsãa. Obui-ebo ǹnɔ́ɔ̀ naa 'ura oso egaraf rɛ̃ɛ dɔ ɛkɛ̃ɛ.
Agiti Rɛ̃ɛ Ɔtaa rɛ̃ɛ ɔkɔwa ɔsãa toɛ kɔɔ ojuoju nyɛ ka naa bere kɔɔ ana njenje be etĩɛ bãrũ ǹnàrã́ m'i'a nnyɛ njerã'ã.

Ɛnyia be 'a nnwɛ ju a'ɔtɔ chusa kɔɔ ɔsã ogoloma nnyɛ tɛ̃mɛ̃ eKovid-19 jiraa sosoi ajɛ̃ ogoloma nnyɛ gbɛrɛ bii nnyɛ naa gwãnarũ ɛka yabaa. Osòróó ajɛ̃ nnyɛ bãrã ɔlɔla-ajɛ̃rũ bii nnɛ otoro'o ebo enu ɔgba-ɔbɔ-nsi bãrã esima ogũrũ ɔsãa kurɛɛrĩ.

Ɔlɔla-Ajɛ̃rũ

Ɔlɔla-Ajɛ̃rũ be nnɛ ɔnanáa ɔkpaa mbiɛ ajɔ̃ nnyɛ rɛ̃ɛ gbaa ɔbɔ nsi oku rɛ̃ɛ ɔsã dɔbarũ kɔɔ a'kɔlarũ oku rɛ̃ɛ ɔgbɔrũ yaba apɛ sɛe baa 'arũ egwãnarũ we ekusɛ ɔchɛɛ ɔsãa bãrã ǹnàrã́ ogũrũ ɔsã 'arũ ɔnɛ si ɔnɛ. Okwi ogũrũ ɛgbɛrɛta bãrã ɛtama bãrã ɔnanáa ɛka ɛka ɔnɛ be ekɔlarũ agbɔ ɔ'ɔ̃ rĩi nnyɛ dɔrirĩ nwɛsɛa ɔbɔrũ. Oku odo ododo rũ ɛtama bere nwɛarĩ ɛgbɛrɛ oloi re etɔ̃tɔ̃ ǹnɔwɛrĩ. Nnɛ ɔnanáa rɛ̃ɛ tɔ̃tɔ̃ nnɔ bii nte South Afrika kwii ɛdaamɔ ɛtamaa era obini ndɛ̃ achu-rɛ-ɔrɔ egeta rɛ ɔ'ɛ ɔtaa àgbá 2020 sigwã obini ndɛ̃ a'o rɛ-ɔrɔ egeta rɛ ɔ'ɛ etaale àgbá 2020, wee atere anwɛ a'o-re-etaale egeta rũ nɛma nsì. Okwii ǹnɔ̀ɔ́niɔ chu ekpikpii lɔ oso Section 27(2) oloi Disaster Management Act(viii) wee nnwɛ èkerè èkerè oloi bee ɛmɔ̃ɛ kɔɔ nnyɛ ree gwãnarĩrũ. Ajɛ̃ ogũrũ ǹnàrã́ enu, Section 11B labi kɔɔ:

Sii ɛdaamɔ nnyɛ lema oso ɔtɔɔ yaba, alela oku rii ntito yaba be enu rɛ̃ɛ dɔma nkpoi bãrã etita si kpãrã nja bãrã ogũrũ enu rɛ̃ɛ abɔrũ.
Nwɛ oloirũ o'e'la ɔbɔ alela oli ɔnɛ (re ke re ba pu ɔbɛrɛ achu-rɛ-a'o nnyɛ).
Nwɛ oloirũ ɔchɛɛ ajɛ̃ ogũrũ aluododo.
Nwɛ oloirũ ɔchɛɛ ajɛ̃ ogũrũ ɛgbɛrɛta bãrã agbɛta.
E'arũ ogũrũ ochira nja bãrã ogũrũ nkpɔi enu mɔmɔ kɔɔ akurárĩ.
E'arũ oku ochira ogũrũ nkpɔi enu rɛ̃ɛ abɔrũ kɔɔ akurarĩ ke ekarabee kɔɔ osòróó rɛ̃ɛ dɔ ajɛ̃ ɔnɛ rɛ̃ɛ ka 'o enu bãrã ɔnɛ rɛ̃ɛ ka ja enu agwã ebo ewo ekata'o wee baa jɔ nnwɛ be etĩtɛ̃ma ɛka m'i'oro nnyimɛ (tɛ̃mɛ̃ ogũrũ enu oloma ɔbɔ bãrã rɛ̃ ɛchɛrɛrũ ogũrũ enu ntito) bãrã ɔbɔ ɔnanáa ɔkpáa mbiɛ ogoloma nnyɛ akperirũ be esibi eKovid-19 kurɛ.

Nsã oloi ǹnɔ̀ɔ́:

Nwɛ oloirũ esiɛ ebo ɔchɛɛ tĩi ebo mmu bãrã oso ɔfaa mpo.
Nwɛ oloirũ ɔ'ɔ̃ o'o ogũrũ mmi bãrã ɛsiga.
A'sibirã ɔbã oso ɔfaa ajɔ nnyɛ a'ema.(ix)

Ɛbɛ ɛnwɛɛrũ oloi ǹnɔ́ɔ̀ nɛɛ ekpikpii oku odo ododo rũ ɛtama bãrã aluododo kɔɔ naa nwɛrĩ osòróó ajɛ̃ nnyɛ njenje anwɛrĩ osei nnyɛ oso ɔtɔɔ̀ ɔgwĩa. Ɔba oso ɔtɔɔ̀ ɔgwĩa be enaa kɔɔ oku rɛ̃ɛ naa bere gwã ekpă ɔsã eKoronavairus naa tɔ̃ ɔ'ɔ̃mɔ gwã ntɔ̃ rɛ̃ɛ abɔrũ. Ɔlɔla-ajɛ̃rũ naa kɔɔ ɔkai abã ajɛ̃ oku rɛ̃ɛ ɔsãa eKoronavairus abere bãbarũ bãrã oku rɛ̃ɛ ɔgbɔrũ yaba apɛ.

South Afrika – Ebe Edidoi

Daamɔ enu ǹnɔ̀ɔ́ abere 'ɔtɔ nwɛ ɔbɔrũ be ekĩkɛ̃nɛ bãrã esibi ɔsã eKovid-19 kurɛ wee South Afrika abere chusa tɛmɛ nnɛ ɛtama re ke dɔ nsi oso ebó be esibi ɔsãa kurɛ. (x) South Afrika, “rɛ̃ɛ jɔjɔnnwɛ ogbiogbi ɔkukũu ɔsãa.” Gbɛrɛ anyɔɔ gwã ereri, epɛ tĩ ebo agbigba rɛ̃ɛ ɔbɛrɛ ɔkukũu ɔsãa ebe nnɛ ɛgbɛrɛ enu rɛ̃ɛ bãbãrãrũ onu obui ɔsãa njenje agbigba rɛ̃ɛ etĩtɔ̃ɔ ɔsã ɛtaa. Kukũna anyɔɔ onu obui m'i'a ɔsãa achusa kɔɔ abere kĩkɛnɛ 'arũ enu rɛ̃ɛ juju ɔbɛrɛ achu rɛ-ɔbɛrɛ oso ewo achu ju ebo etaale oso ewo achu nte oloi okwii ɔ'ɔ̃ bãa.(xi) Ǹnɔ̀ɔ́ toɛ kɔɔ ojijasa ɔsãa oso ɛta kĩkɛnɛ wee onu obui m'i'a ɔsãa aju ɛkɛ̃:

Ɛtamaa abere toma ajɔ oku ntito etĩtɔ̃ɔ ɛta kɔɔ achãrĩ 'a onu-ɔtɔɔ̀-gwã-onu-ɔtɔɔ̀ do ɛka ɛka ɔnɛ gua oso ogũrũ ɛtaa.
Nte Ɔnɛ Ochurɛ Cyril Ramaphosa tã amɔɔ nɛɛ ɛtama oso tɛlɛwisɔ esira'o egeta rɛ̃ɛ ɔ'ɛ etaale oso àgbá 2020 ekɔɔ ɛdɔbɔdɔɔ gbɛrɛ kɔɔ mi nnyɛ 'ɔtɔrĩ nwɛ ebo ɛkɛ̃ oloi okwii ɔ'ɔ̃:
“Ɔwa nwɛi ɔkarũ okwii ɔ'ɔ̃ɔ wee ɔwa 'ɔtɔi nwɛi ebo ɛkɛ̃ ogũrũ oloiɔ. Oloi re ke sibi ɔchɛɛ ɛdaamɔ bai afiaarũ ejĩ bai bãrã ajɔ ɔ'esa ebo arũ egeta gwãrũ egeta re ke re chumaa epiripiri enuɔ.”(xii)

Ɛgbɛrɛ ɛgbɛrɛ oku okpaa mbiɛ ɔsã 'arũ ɔnɛ bãrũ ɔnɛ baa bere jurii ɔbɔ ɔtɔ̃ kɔɔ mɛ ɔsã ǹnɔ̀ɔ́ ka karaa bãrãrũ ǹnàrã́ m'i'a nnyɛe. Obãbã obini Gɔvãmɛnt abere, “kĩkɛnɛ ojirarũ ɛvairusɔ, ɔbɔ abere gwãrũ ɔkukũuɔ wee re ware gbo mpii ntɔ̃.”(xiii) Rɛ̃ɛ ebo ǹnɔ̀ɔ́, ree ka dala ebo ɛlɔɛ mpii mpii enu rũ okwii ɔ'ɔ̃ɔ.

Okpennwɛ

Kovid-19 be ɔsã 'arũ ɔnɛ bãrũ ɔnɛ rɛ̃ɛ abere chu esoi jimarũ ɔ'ɔ̃ oso ebó 'a mmamarã ebe dala oso ɛgbɛrɛta eWuhan ala aluododo Hubei oso etama eChina okpennwɛ àgbá 2019. Oku eChina birĩ adɛ̃ nsi “ɔbɛrɛ ogbere be ebeyɛ a'ɔ̃ epɔ̃ ɔsã ogoloma nnyɛ ǹnɔ̀ɔ́: (1) Esibiɛ ɔbɔrũ bãrã egba ɔbɔ nsi ɔsã 'arũ ɔnɛ bãrũ ɔnɛ bãrã (2) ɛ'ɔtɔ kpãrã enu rɛ̃ɛ bãarũ.”(xiv) Oku okpãră enu ebó rɛ̃ɛ eChina bãrã ɛgbɛrɛ ɛgbɛrɛ oku okpaa mbiɛ yaba 'ɔtɔrĩ nwɛsɛ ɔbɔrũ ele ɔdala obi adɛ̃ nsi m'i'a ɔsã eKoronavairusɔ bãrã oku ebo World Health Organization baa 'ɔtɔ chu esoi jɔma nnwɛ ɔsã ǹnɔ̀ɔ́ rɛ̃ɛ ju oso àgbá 2020.

Osòróó ajɛ̃ nnyɛ bãrã ɔlɔla-ajɛ̃rũ abere juma ɔtari enu oso be egbaa ɔbɔ nsi bãrã esibi ɔbɔrũ ojijasa ɔsãa tɛmɛ be akibe re 'a South Afrika towɛi. Ɔtɔɔ̀ ntito Center for Disease Control and Prevention abere toi kɔɔ, “Ɛdɔma mkpɔi enu be ɛmɔ̃ɛ kɔɔ ɔwa sĩsãrũ oku ekoo bãrã oku ojularũ yo re ke ba tɔ̃tɔ̃ oso ɔtɔɔ̀ yo. Wiiya ba, jɔaba gɔla ɔgɔla oso ewidio njenje mɔ̃ kɔɔ ɔwa mɔ̃nai ebo sosa midĩa. Ekarabee ɔnɛ jɔma nnwɛ okpũrãrũ etitɔ̃ɔ ǹnɔ̀ɔ́ èkeré èkeré ogbere gbɛrɛ kɔɔ etitɛ osòróó ajɛ̃ ɛka yo bãrã ɔnɛ rɛ̃ɛ ɔwa mɔ̃ɛrũ adɛ̃ ka 'ɔtɔ 'ai”(xv). Ɛpɔrɔ etitɔ̃ɔ ǹnɔ̀ɔ́ 'ɔtɔ 'iya gbɛrɛ epɔ, ekeyi bãrã ojũma mpioo rii nje rɛ̃ɛ ɔsã ojirarũ ebo chãmaa. Ɛgbɛrɛ ɛgbɛrɛ oku okpaa mbiɛ nɛɛ rii onu kɔɔ be ɛtɛrɛ-nsi naa wee osòróó ajɛ̃ nnyɛ 'arũ ejũa okpũrãrũ ogbi mpioo.

Rɛ̃ɛ Ogũrũ Nsã Labirĩ

[i] World Health Organization. Global Influenza Programme. Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response. Available at: https://www.who.int/influenza/resources/documents/pandemic_guidance_04_2009/en

[ii] Centers for Disease Control. Keep your distance to slow the spread. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/social-distancing.html

[iii] Pearce Katir. What is social distancing and how can it dliw the spread of COVID-19? 13 March 2020. The Hub. Johns Hopkins University. https://hub.jhu.edu/2020/03/13/what-is-social-distancing. Accessed on 12 April 2020

[iv] Graphic accessed at: https://thespinoff.co.nz/society/09-03-2020/the-three-phases-of-covid-19-and-how-we-can-make-it-manageable. Accessed on 10 April 2020.

[v] Wiles S. The three phases of Covid-19 and how we can make it manageable. TheSpinoff. Available at: https://thespinoff.co.nz/society/09-03-2020/the-three-phases-of-covid-19-and-how-we-can-make-it-manageable. Accessed on 10 April 2020

[vi] See: https://www.who.int/ihr/publications/9789241580496/en

[vii] Image accessed at https://www.m.greatandhra.com on 11 April 2020

[viii] Republic of South Africa. Disaster Management Act 57 of 2002. Available at: https://www.gov.za/documents/disaster-management-act

[ix] Republic of South Africa. Government Gazette No. 11062. 25 March 2020. Available at: https://www.greengazette.co.za/documents/regulation-gazette-4138-of-25-march-2020-vol-657-no-11062_20200325_GGR-43148

[x] Hollington M and Bennet M. South Africa's world-class fight against COVID-19:The data tells the story. Coronavirus Op-Ed. Daily Maverick. Available at :https://www.eailymaverick.co.za/article/20020

[xi] National Department of Health. Press release, 15 April 2020. Available at: https://sacoronavirus.co.za/category/press-releases-and-notices. Accessed on 16 April 2020

[xii] South African Government. President Cyril Ramaphosa: Extension of Coronavirus COVID-19 lockdown to the end of April. Available at: https://www.gov.za/speeches/president-cyril-ramaphosa-extension-coronavirus-covid-19-lockdown-end-april-9-apr-2020-0000. Accessed on 16 April 2020

[xiii] Professor S. Karim. South Africa's Covid-19 epidemic: Trends and next steps. Presentation by the Chairperson of the Ministerial Advisory Group on Covid-19 prepared for the Minister of Health , Dr. Zweli Mkhize. Available at: https://sacaronavirus.co.za/2020/04/13/sas-covid-19-epidemic-trends-next-steps/. Accessed on 15 April 2020.

[xiv] Wang Jian-Wei, Cao Bin and Wang Chen. Science in the fight against the novel coronavirus disease. China Medical Journal: 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) collection. Available at: https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/2337/. Accessed on 11 April 2020.

[xv] Centers for Disease Control. Keep your distance to slow the spread. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/social-distancing.html. Accessed on 16 April 2020.