Wp/cnr/Renesansa

Renesansa je umjetnički pokret koji je nastao u Italiji u prvim decenijama XV vijeka. Sam termin doslovno znači preporod.

Slikarstvo

Glavne odlike renesanse su vraćanje principima klasične umjetnosti, uvođenje perspektive, zamjena drvene table kao podloge za slikanje platnom, interesovanje za što vjernije prikazivanje čovjeka, oslobađanje od krutog shematizma gotske umjetnosti. Nijedno umjetničko razdoblje nije bilo toliko bogato velikim slikarima kao renesansa. Neki od najvećih predstavnika pravca su Leonardo da Vinči, Ticijan, Mikelanđelo, Beato Anđeliko, Botičeli.

Astronomija

Renesansa je ohrabrivala naučnike da istraže nove ideje i ospore postojeća mišljenja. Poljski astronom Nikola Kopernik (1473–1543) utvrdio je 1543. godine da se Sunce nalazi u centru solarnog sistema i da se sve planete kreću oko njega. Ta ideja je bila u suprotnosti sa crkvenom naukom, koja je vjekovima podržavala stav o Zemlji kao središtu svemira.

Naučni pronalasci

Renesansni čovjek bio je neko ko je mogao da radi više toga odjednom. Takav je bio Leonardo da Vinči (1452–1519), uomo universale italijanske renesanse i najpoznatiji intelektualac tog perioda. Bio je slikar, vajar, astronom, arhitekta, pronalazač; napravio je podmornicu, skafander, bušilicu, izradio je nacrte za helikopter i tenk. Bavio se i anatomijom, kako bi otkrio više o tome kako čovek funkcioniše.

Mecenatstvo

Italijanske vojvode i crkveni poglavari međusobno su se takmičili u novčanom podržavanju renesansnih umjetnika, a sve radi veličanja sopstvenih zemalja.

Arhiktetura

Arhitekte tog razdoblja tražile su nadahnuće u mnogo starijim umjetničkim pravcima. U svoje građevine su umetali klasične stubove, zaobljene lukove i kupole. Rad na Firentinskoj katedrali započet je 1296. u srednjevjekovnom gotskom stilu, ali je arhitekta Filipo Bruneleski (1377–1446) završio građevinu dodavši veličanstvenu kupolu. Ta katedrala je predstavljala uzor svim budućim renesansnim crkvama.

Unutrašnje poveznice

Literatura

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