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Abakan (Template:Wp/bgn/Lang-rus; Khakas: Ағбан, Ağban) is the capital city of the Republic of Khakassia, Russia, located in the central part of Minusinsk Depression, at the confluence of the Yenisei and Abakan Rivers. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 165,214[8]—a slight increase over 165,197 recorded during the 2002 Census[13] and a further increase from 154,092 recorded during the 1989 Census.[14]

Abakan Template:En icon
Абакан (Russian)
Ағбан (Khakas)
-  City[1]  -

Abakan City Administration building
Template:Location mapLocation of Abakan in Template:PosMapFS
Coordinates: Template:Coord
Coat of arms
Flag
Anthem none[2]
City Day Second to last Saturday in August[3]
Administrative status (as of May 2014)
Country Russia
Federal subject Republic of Khakassia[1]
Administratively subordinated to City of Abakan[1]
Capital of Republic of Khakassia[1][4]
Administrative center of City of Abakan[1]
Municipal status (as of November 2014)
Urban okrug Abakan Urban Okrug[5]
Administrative center of Abakan Urban Okrug[5]
Head[7] Nikolay Bulakin[6]
Representative body Council of Deputies[7]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) ۱۶۵٬۲۱۴ inhabitants[8]
- Rank in 2010 109th
Population (January 2014 est.) ۱۷۳٬۲۰۰ inhabitants[9]
Time zone Template:RussiaTimeZone
Founded Template:Nowrap[10]
City status since April 30, 1931[11]
Postal code(s)[12] 655000–655012, 655014–655019, 655022, 655400, 655899, 655961, 655965, 655966
Dialing code(s) +7 3902Template:Citation needed
Official website

History

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Abakansky ostrog (Абаканский острог), also known as Abakansk (Абаканск), was built at the mouth of the Abakan River in 1675.[10] In the 1780s, the selo of Ust-Abakanskoye (Усть-Абаканское) was established in this area.[10] It was granted town status and given its current name on April 30, 1931.[11]

Chinese exiles

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In 1940, Russian construction workers found ancient ruins during the construction of a highway between Abakan and Askiz. When the site was excavated by Soviet archaeologists in 1941–1945, they realized that they had discovered a building absolutely unique for the area: a large (1500 square meters) Chinese-style, likely Han Dynasty era (206 BCE–220 CE) palace. The identity of the high-ranking personage who lived luxuriously in Chinese style, far outside of the borders of the Han Empire, has remained a matter for discussion ever since. Russian archaeologist L.A. Yevtyukhova surmised, based on circumstantial evidence, that the palace may have been the residence of Li Ling, a Chinese general who had been defeated by the Xiongnu in 99 BCE, and defected to them as a result.[15] While this opinion has remained popular, other views have been expressed as well. More recently, for example, it was claimed by A.A. Kovalyov as the residence of Lu Fang (盧芳), a Han throne pretender from the Guangwu era.[16]

Lithuanian exiles

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In the late 18th and during the 19th century, Lithuanian participants in the 1794, 1830–1831, and 1863 rebellions against the Russian rule were exiled to Abakan. A group of camps was established where prisoners were forced to work in the coal mines. After Stalin's death, Lithuanian exiles from the nearby settlements moved in.[17]

Administrative and municipal status

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Abakan is the capital of the republic.[1][18] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the City of Abakan—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts[1] As a municipal division, the City of Abakan is incorporated as Abakan Urban Okrug.[5]

Economy

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The city has a river port, industry enterprises, Katanov State University of Khakasia, and three theatres. Furthermore, it has a commercial center that produces footwear, foodstuffs, and metal products.

Transportation

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Abakan (together with Tayshet) was a terminal of the major Abakan-Taishet Railway. Now it is an important railway junction.

The city is served by the Abakan International Airport.

Military

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The 100th Air Assault Brigade of the Russian Airborne Troops was based in the city until ca. 1996.[19]

Sites

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Statue of Vladimir Lenin in Abakan
 
Abakan Cathedral of the Transfiguration

Abakan's sites of interest include Holy Transfiguration Cathedral, "Good Angel of Peace" sculpture, park of topiary art, and many others.

Sports

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Bandy is the one of the most popular sports in the city. Sayany-Khakassia[20] was playing in the top-tier Super League in the 2012–13 season but was relegated for the 2013–14 season. Russian Government Cup was played here in 1988 and in 2012.

Climate

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Abakan has a continental climate with semi-arid influences (Köppen climate classification "BSk"). Temperature differences between seasons are extreme, which is typical for Siberia. Precipitation is concentrated in the summer and is less common because of rain shadow from nearby mountains.

آپ و هوایی مالومات په آباکان خاتیرا
ماه جنوری فیبروری مارچ اپریل مای جون جولای اگوست سیپٹمبر اوکتوبر نومبر ڈسمبر سال
سابقهٔ بیش‌ترین °C (°F) ۷.۰
(44.6) 		۹.۰
(48.2) 		۲۰.۰
(68) 		۲۷.۲
(80.96) 		۳۸.۰
(100.4) 		۳۷.۲
(98.96) 		۳۹.۰
(102.2) 		۳۷.۰
(98.6) 		۳۴.۰
(93.2) 		۲۴.۰
(75.2) 		۱۶.۱
(60.98) 		۱۱.۰
(51.8) 		۳۹.۰
(102.2)
میانگین بیش‌ترین °C (°F) −۱۳.۹
(6.98) 		−۹.۴
(15.08) 		۱.۱
(33.98) 		۹.۴
(48.92) 		۱۸.۹
(66.02) 		۲۳.۳
(73.94) 		۲۶.۱
(78.98) 		۲۳.۹
(75.02) 		۱۶.۷
(62.06) 		۶.۷
(44.06) 		−۵.۶
(21.92) 		−۱۳.۹
(6.98) 		۷.۲
(44.96)
میانگین روزانه °C (°F) −۱۸.۳
(−0.94) 		−۱۵.۶
(3.92) 		−۴.۴
(24.08) 		۲.۸
(37.04) 		۱۱.۷
(53.06) 		۱۷.۲
(62.96) 		۲۰.۰
(68) 		۱۷.۲
(62.96) 		۱۰.۶
(51.08) 		۱.۷
(35.06) 		−۹.۴
(15.08) 		−۱۷.۲
(1.04) 		۱.۷
(35.06)
میانگین کم‌ترین °C (°F) −۲۲.۸
(−9.04) 		−۲۱.۱
(−5.98) 		−۱۰
(14) 		−۳.۳
(26.06) 		۵.۰
(41) 		۱۱.۱
(51.98) 		۱۳.۹
(57.02) 		۱۱.۱
(51.98) 		۴.۴
(39.92) 		−۲.۸
(26.96) 		−۱۲.۸
(8.96) 		−۲۰.۶
(−5.08) 		−۳.۹
(24.98)
سابقهٔ کم‌ترین °C (°F) −۴۵
(−49) 		−۴۰
(−40) 		−۳۸.۱
(−36.58) 		−۲۲.۲
(−7.96) 		−۱۰.۵
(13.1) 		−۴.۹
(23.18) 		۴.۱
(39.38) 		۰.۵
(32.9) 		−۸
(18) 		−۲۳
(−9) 		−۳۷.۵
(−35.5) 		−۴۲.۸
(−45.04) 		−۴۵
(−49)
بارندگی میلی‌متر (اینچ) ۷.۶
(0.2992) 		۵.۸
(0.2283) 		۴.۲
(0.1654) 		۱۱.۲
(0.4409) 		۲۹.۱
(1.1457) 		۵۸.۴
(2.2992) 		۶۷.۵
(2.6575) 		۵۹.۱
(2.3268) 		۳۵.۷
(1.4055) 		۱۷.۸
(0.7008) 		۱۰.۲
(0.4016) 		۷.۸
(0.3071) 		۳۱۴.۴
(12.378)
Source: climatebase.ru[21]

References

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Notes

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Law #20
  2. ↑ Article 7 of the Charter of Abakan lists a flag and a coat of arms but not an anthem among the symbols of the city
  3. ↑ Charter of Abakan, Article 7
  4. ↑ Template:Harvnb
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Law #59
  6. ↑ Official website of Abakan. Nikolay Genrikhovich Bulakin Template:Ru icon
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Charter of Abakan, Article 20
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Template:Ru-pop-ref
  9. ↑ Republic of Khakassia Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность населения на начало года Template:Ru icon
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Template:Cite book
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Resolution of April 30, 1931
  12. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) Template:Ru icon
  13. ↑ Template:Ru-pop-ref
  14. ↑ Template:Ru-pop-ref
  15. ↑ Template:HarvnbTemplate:Page needed
  16. ↑ Template:Harvnb
  17. ↑ Template:HarvnbTemplate:Page needed
  18. ↑ Template:Harvnb
  19. ↑ Template:HarvnbTemplate:Page needed
  20. ↑ Team picture of Sayany-Khakassia
  21. ↑ Template:Harvnb

Sources

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Template:Wp/bgn/Ref begin

Template:Wp/bgn/Ref end

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Template:Wp/bgn/Wikivoyage Template:Wp/bgn/Wikisource1911Enc

Template:Wp/bgn/Republic of Khakassia Template:Wp/bgn/Russian republics capitals

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