Qball Etterikh
editTounes maɛroufa bteriħ qdim barcha yarjaɛ lelħathara elqabsiya elli twejdet fi gafsa men 6.800 ħatta 4.500 bc wfhek lfatra tnajam tqoul jet hejret lbarber men efriqya westaqarou fi tounes whaka sarou lbarber houma essoken el aslin ltounes.
Etterikh Leqdim
editTlfatra elqartajiya men 814-146 bc enes likenou yosknou fi tounes ɛamlou ɛalaqat mɛa elfiniqiyin men 1101 bc ,elfiniqiyin ɛamlou barcha maweni bech ybadlou eselɛa wet2asist qartage melloul ɛla ases qaɛda ɛaskariya bech taħmi ettijara ama belwaqt thoɛfet finiqya wwerthet qartage mostaɛmaret finiqya wbdet tetwasaɛ ɛla lbaħer lmoutwasat wwalet qartage qowa kbira wħafou menha el e4riq elli saɛat kent tsir ħroubet binethom lessaytra,ɛam ħɛ bc thohret roma wwlaet tnefes fi qartaj ɛassaytra ,ɛam 264 bc qamet awal ħarb tsamet elħouroub elbouniya wjet baɛd elħarb loula zouz ħroub oħrin,achhar ħarb hiya lħarb lbouniya etheniya men 218-202 dc thhor fiha ħannabaɛl elli haz jaychou welfyoula wchaq bihom jbal el alp, laħroub hethom 5asret fihom qartage wɛam 146 dc roma naħħat qartage jmla w5arbtha wɛamlet mouqatɛa roumeniya sametha afrika.
Elfatra Erroumeniya
editMen 146-431 miledi ɛam 27 dc ɛawed oughestes el awal bnyen qartage melloul wsameha efriqya elprounsouliya wezdahret fil fatra hethiki fi kol chay kima fil ɛomran tounes echtahret ebbarcha moudon roumeniya kima hedroumtoum(sousa)niapoulis(nabel)maktris(makther)...tmayzet belmasereħ wessaħat elɛoumoumiya wetwatnet elmouden hethi bech ejaych eroumeni yousken fiha wethrohet elfousayfouse2 barcha fil mouden hethi wħata taw fil mateħef tnajam talqa barcha fousayfouse2 twari esayd wala elħayet elɛadiya likenou ɛaychinha,wzeda lefleħa qwet fihek lfatra ldarjet enou tounes tsamet matmouret rouma men qowet wkathret maħzoun elqamħ wezit liken yamchi erouma ,wfilmajel lfekri zeda thhor apolos elli mizel yaqraw ɛlih ltaw w zeda agostinos elli ɛach bin 350 w 430 elli ħat falsfa masiħiya elli ħlet blasetha ltawa fiddin lmesiħi ,wfissiyesa ɛtat elɛayla essiviriya kelmetha fi efriqya elpronsiliya whouma men asl efriqi menhom septimos w soryos wala septim sivar elli ħkom bin 211-193.
Elfatra Lwendaliya
editBin 431 w'533. Elwendal houma jmeɛa melqabeyel elhengariya elli esmha almanya taw ,tɛadew methiq jabal tareq wnajmou yfekou qartage fisaɛ ħater lbarber ɛawnouhom bech ye4lbou eroumen wyeħthou esteqlelhom , ama lwendal ħtallou tounes wradou qartage ɛasmethom melloul bqiyedet malekhom jensriq wnajem lwendal ɛam 439 yeħtallou tounes weljaze2er wmarakch west4alou thoɛf erroumen wradou bouma ɛasmathom jdida elli hiya fil asl ɛasemt lmamlka enoumidiya wɛam 530 najamou elbarber yerbħou elwendal wtardouhom men tounes.
Elfatra Lbizantiya
editNajmou elbizantiin ɛam 533 yeħtallou qartage wchadou lwendal wradouhom ɛabid westaɛmlou lqamɛ mɛa laɛbed wfatret ħokmhom kent 5ayba barcha ɛannes.