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Асту́рія (аст. і ісп. Asturies) — історико-культурний регіон в Європі, на півночі Піренейського півострова. Назва походить від античного кельтського народу астурів. У середньовіччі був центром Астурійського королівства, на основі якого постала Іспанська монархія. З 1982 року автономія у складі Іспанії — князі́вство Асту́рія (ісп. Principado de Asturias), що збігається із іспанською провінцією Астурія.
Історія edit
Asturias was inhabited first by Homo erectus then by Neanderthals. Since the Lower Paleolithic era, and during the Upper Paleolithic, Asturias was characterized by cave paintings in the eastern part of the area.
With the beginning of the Moorish conquest in the 8th century, this region became a refuge for Christian nobles, and in 722, a de facto independent kingdom was established, the Regnum Asturorum, which was to become the cradle of the incipient Reconquista (Reconquest).
In the 10th century, the Kingdom of Asturias gave way to the Kingdom of León, and during the Middle Ages the geographic isolation of the territory made historical references scarce.
The most famous proponents of independence were Gonzalo Peláez and Queen Urraca, who, while achieving significant victories, were ultimately defeated by Castilian troops, that conquered Leon and made Leonese and Asturian lands joined Kingdom of Castile.
On 30 December 1981,[1] Asturias became an autonomous community within the decentralised territorial structure established by the Constitution of 1978.